Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34021340›Full record

ArticleIntegrative and comparative biology2021

Melanin Transfer and Fate within Keratinocytes in Human Skin Pigmentation.

Silvia Benito-Martínez, Laura Salavessa, Graça Raposo, Michael S Marks, Cédric Delevoye

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Integrative and comparative biology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
40citing papers in PubMed
5.9field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

40 citing papers in PubMed, 75 citations in OpenAlex.

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  7. Regenerative biomaterials · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Silvia Benito-MartínezInstitut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, Structure and Membrane Compartments, Paris, 75005, France.
Laura SalavessaInstitut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, Structure and Membrane Compartments, Paris, 75005, France.
Graça RaposoInstitut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, Structure and Membrane Compartments, Paris, 75005, France.
Michael S MarksDepartment of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7435-7262
Cédric DelevoyeInstitut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, Structure and Membrane Compartments, Paris, 75005, France.ORCID 0000-0002-3835-6649
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · FRChildren's Hospital of Philadelphia · US

Funding

Hermansky Pudlak Syndrome &melanosome formationR01EY015625 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI Michael S Marks · 2004 to 2026
$9.2M
Genetic and molecular basis for variation in human skin pigmentationR01AR076241 · NIAMS · CHILDREN'S HOSP OF PHILADELPHIA · PI MARKS, MICHAEL S, OANCEA, ELENA · 2020 to 2024
$5.5M
Mechanisms regulating ion transport across the melanosomal membrane in health and diseaseR01AR071382 · NIAMS · BROWN UNIVERSITY · PI MARKS, MICHAEL S, OANCEA, ELENA · 2018 to 2022
$2.2M
NEI NIH HHS R01 EY015625NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR071382NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR076241
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Human skin and hair pigmentation play important roles in social behavior but also in photoprotection from the harmful effects of ultraviolet light. The main pigments in mammalian skin, the melanins, are synthesized within specialized organelles called melanosomes in melanocytes, which sit at the basal layer of the epidermis and the hair bulb. The melanins are then transferred from melanocytes to keratinocytes, where they accumulate perinuclearly in membrane-bound organelles as a "cap" above the nucleus. The mechanism of transfer, the nature of the pigmented organelles within keratinocytes, and the mechanism governing their intracellular positioning are all debated and poorly understood, but likely play an important role in the photoprotective properties of melanin in the skin. Here, we detail our current understanding of these processes and present a guideline for future experimentation in this area.

Indexed as

MelaninsSkin PigmentationAnimalsHumansKeratinocytesMelanocytesMelanosomesPigmentationMelanins

Identifiers

PMID34021340
PMCPMC8516110
OpenAlexW3162192144

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.