ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2021
Inoculum effect of antimicrobial peptides.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Revolutionizing orthopedic healthcare: a systematic review unveiling recombinant antimicrobial peptides.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Pooled it
- Probing theRSC chemical biology · 2026Article
- Pharmacokinetics determine persister formation inJAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2026Article
- Ib-M1 Antimicrobial Peptide Alters Membrane Permeability and DisruptsMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- Synergistic Action of Antimicrobial Peptides and Antibiotics.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Antibacterial Potential ofFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Bacterial cell fate under stress: lipid remodeling and antimicrobial peptide attack.npj antimicrobials and resistance · 2026Article
- Article
- Dendrocin ZM1 Nanoconjugates with Carbon Quantum Dots: A ROS-Generating Platform for Combating Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Article
- Lipidated peptides and the limits of chemical control.Frontiers in chemistry · 2026Article
- Population-Level Dynamics and Community-Mediated Resistance to Antimicrobial Peptides.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Article
- Lack of Spontaneous and Adaptive Resistance Development inAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- MtlD as a therapeutic target for intestinal and systemic bacterial infections.Journal of bacteriology · 2025Article
- Antimicrobial peptide LL37 is potent against non-growingmSphere · 2025Article
- LEGO-Lipophosphonoxin membrane activity is enhanced by presence of phosphatidylethanolamine but hindered by outer membrane.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Specifically targeted antimicrobial peptides synergize with bacterial-entrapping peptide against systemic MRSA infections.Journal of advanced research · 2025Article
- Testing antimicrobial peptides inhibiting protein synthesis in livingFrontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Perturbation-specific transcriptional mapping for unbiased target elucidation of antibiotics.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Bispecific antibody (ABL602 2 + 1) induced bistable acute myeloid leukemia kinetics.Scientific reports · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The activity of many antibiotics depends on the initial density of cells used in bacterial growth inhibition assays. This phenomenon, termed the inoculum effect, can have important consequences for the therapeutic efficacy of the drugs, because bacterial loads vary by several orders of magnitude in clinically relevant infections. Antimicrobial peptides are a promising class of molecules in the fight against drug-resistant bacteria because they act mainly by perturbing the cell membranes rather than by inhibiting intracellular targets. Here, we report a systematic characterization of the inoculum effect for this class of antibacterial compounds. Minimum inhibitory concentration values were measured for 13 peptides (including all-D enantiomers) and peptidomimetics, covering more than seven orders of magnitude in inoculated cell density. In most cases, the inoculum effect was significant for cell densities above the standard inoculum of 5 × 10
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.