ArticleGlobal health, science and practice2021
Initiation of Breastfeeding in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Time-to-Event Analysis.
Article in Global health, science and practice, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness of interventions on early initiation of breastfeeding in South Asia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.International breastfeeding journal · 2025Pooled it
- Breastfeeding Practices and Associated Factors Among Mothers of Infants Aged 12 Months or Younger Attending Selected Tertiary Hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh.Food science & nutrition · 2025Article
- Exclusive Breastfeeding Rates at Hospital Discharge Across the Robson Ten-Group Classification System: A Retrospective Study.Nutrients · 2025Observational
- Exclusive breastfeeding among infants in Jigawa State, Nigeria: a cross-sectional analysis.International breastfeeding journal · 2025Article
- Perinatal Intimate Partner Violence and Maternal-Infant Bonding in Women With Anxiety Symptoms in Pakistan: The Moderating Role of Breastfeeding.Journal of interpersonal violence · 2025Article
- Breastfeeding interventions and programs conducted in the Islamic Republic of Iran: a scoping review.Health education research · 2025Article
- Timely initiation of breastfeeding and its associated factors among immediate postpartum mother-newborn pairs in Debre Tabor comprehensive specialized hospital, South Gondar Zone, North West, Ethiopia.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2024Article
- Article
- Prediction of delayed breastfeeding initiation among mothers having children less than 2 months of age in East Africa: application of machine learning algorithms.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- The impact of intrapartum and immediate post-partum complications and newborn care practices on breastfeeding initiation in Ethiopia: A prospective cohort study.Maternal & child nutrition · 2023Article
- Trends and determinants of early initiation of breastfeeding in Indonesia: A multivariate decomposition analysis.PloS one · 2023Article
- Determinants of Kangaroo Mother Care among low-birth-weight infants in low resource settings.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
- Factors Associated with Adequate Breastfeeding: Evidence from the Peruvian Demographic and Health Survey, 2019.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Importance of breastfeeding and complementary feeding for management and prevention of childhood diarrhoea in low- and middle-income countries.Journal of global health · 2022Article
- Association between Mother's Education and Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices in South Asia.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Between and Within-Country Variations in Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices in South Asia.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Modeling spatial determinants of initiation of breastfeeding in Ethiopia: A geographically weighted regression analysis.PloS one · 2022Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveEarly breastfeeding has numerous benefits for both the mother and her baby. Previous research typically analyzes breastfeeding initiation in binary terms (within the first hour or day). Although delays are associated with cesarean delivery and skin-to-skin contact may facilitate early breastfeeding, a more nuanced understanding of these relationships is needed.
methodsWith data from 31 countries that had a Demographic and Health Survey since 2015, we described breastfeeding initiation among babies most recently born in the last 2 years to women aged 15-49 years. In a subset of 21 countries, we conducted survival analysis with multivariable log-logistic accelerated failure time (AFT) regressions to examine factors associated with time to initiation of breastfeeding, specifically the mode of delivery and skin-to-skin contact, controlling for receipt of health care as well as socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of mothers and babies.
findingsBabies in most countries began breastfeeding within a few hours after birth. The mean time to initiation of breastfeeding ranged from 1.7 hours in Burundi to 32 hours in Pakistan and 40 hours in Chad. In most countries (24 of 31), the median time was 0.5 hours. Median time to initiation was greater for births by cesarean delivery compared with vaginal births at health facilities. After controlling for covariates, AFT models showed significant delays in breastfeeding among cesarean deliveries in most countries, with as much as a 9-fold delay in Senegal. Immediate skin-to-skin contact was significantly associated with a shorter time to initiation.
conclusionEfforts to promote early breastfeeding should encourage skin-to-skin and target cesarean deliveries.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.