ArticleAdvances in experimental medicine and biology2021
Sex and Gender Differences in Lung Disease.
Article in Advances in experimental medicine and biology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 90 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
90 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 142 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Combined Model-Based Meta-Analysis of Aggregated and Individual FEV1 Data From Randomized COPD Trials.CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Sex-Based Differences in the Presentation and Outcomes of Acute Pulmonary Embolism: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Texas Heart Institute journal · 2023Pooled it
- Effectiveness of a respiratory rehabilitation program including an inspiration training devicePeerJ · 2023Trial
- Prenatal PMRespirology (Carlton, Vic.) · 2026Article
- Sex-specific in utero reprogramming of lung immunity.Mucosal immunology · 2026Article
- Air pollution and pneumonia hospitalization in Qingyang, China: A time-series analysis.Medicine · 2026Article
- Sex-, Age-, and Projection-Related Variability in Pneumothorax and Pulmonary Mass Detection Frequencies on Chest Radiographs: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Endoscopically assessed mucus parameters in equine asthma: Relationship to clinical history and cytological findings data.Equine veterinary journal · 2026Article
- Post-TB lung disease: pathogenesis, host-directed therapies, and the C3HeB/FeJ model for pre-clinical advances.Infection and immunity · 2026Review
- Sex Differences in Lung Immunity.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Integrated transcriptomic analysis and experimental validation identify ACADL as a mitochondrial tumor suppressor via the FOXO3a/PUMA axis in lung adenocarcinoma.European journal of medical research · 2026Article
- Susceptible windows of long-term childhood exposure to air pollution on adult self-reported bronchitic symptoms.International journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Sex Differences and Survival Among COPD Patients in France: The Palomb Cohort.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2026Observational
- Article
- Characterization of aortic endothelial dysfunction in ovariectomized allergic asthmatic mice.PloS one · 2026Article
- Trends in asthma and pneumonia-related mortality in the United States: a CDC wonder database analysis (1999-2023).Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Sex, hormones, and lung health.Physiological reviews · 2026Review
- The importance of mechanical forces in chronic respiratory diseases.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2026Review
- Increased reporting of interstitial pneumonitis with combined EGFR-TKI and PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor therapy in NSCLC: a pharmacovigilance analysis of 67,818 reports.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Observational
- People with cystic fibrosis with high sputum neutrophil elastase on elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor exhibit worse pulmonary function and pro-inflammatory airway milieu.Scientific reports · 2025Article
30 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Sex differences in the anatomy and physiology of the respiratory system have been widely reported. These intrinsic sex differences have also been shown to modulate the pathophysiology, incidence, morbidity, and mortality of several lung diseases across the life span. In this chapter, we describe the epidemiology of sex differences in respiratory diseases including neonatal lung disease (respiratory distress syndrome, bronchopulmonary dysplasia) and pediatric and adult disease (including asthma, cystic fibrosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer, lymphangioleiomyomatosis, obstructive sleep apnea, pulmonary arterial hypertension, and respiratory viral infections such as respiratory syncytial virus, influenza, and SARS-CoV-2). We also discuss the current state of research on the mechanisms underlying the observed sex differences in lung disease susceptibility and severity and the importance of considering both sex and gender variables in research studies' design and analysis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.