ArticleEuro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin2021
Epidemiological characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 cases: mortality inequalities by socio-economic status, Barcelona, Spain, 24 February to 4 May 2020.
Article in Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed.
- Correlation of COVID-19 Mortality with Socioeconomic Status, Air Quality, and Housing Density.Thoracic research and practice · 2026Article
- Dynamics of social inequalities in severe COVID-19 outcomes in metropolitan France from 2020 to 2022.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Evaluating the impact of the Modifiable Areal Unit Problem on ecological model inference: A case study of COVID-19 data in Queensland, Australia.Infectious Disease Modelling · 2025Article
- Three-year survival follow-up of patients with gastrointestinal cancer treated during the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain: data from the PANDORA-TTD20 study.The oncologist · 2025Article
- Comparison of geographical and individual deprivation index to assess the risk of Sars-CoV-2 infection and disease severity: a retrospective cohort study.International journal of health geographics · 2024Article
- Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Vaccines for COVID-19 According to Sex, Comorbidity and Socioeconomic Status: A Population Study.PharmacoEconomics · 2024Article
- Variability in excess deaths across countries with different vulnerability during 2020-2023.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Post-COVID cognitive dysfunction: current status and research recommendations for high risk population.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2023Review
- Association of socio-economic deprivation with COVID-19 incidence and fatality during the first wave of the pandemic in Italy: lessons learned from a local register-based study.International journal of health geographics · 2023Article
- [Influence of the social deprivation index on outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic].Gaceta sanitaria · 2023Article
- Socioeconomic disparities associated with mortality in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in Colombia.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among students and parents in Sentinel Schools Network of Catalonia, Spain.PloS one · 2023Article
- Mortality impact of the Covid-19 epidemic on immigrant populations in Spain.SSM - population health · 2022Article
- Socioeconomic Inequalities in COVID-19 Vaccination and Infection in Adults, Catalonia, Spain.Emerging infectious diseases · 2022Article
- COVID-19 mortality and deprivation: pandemic, syndemic, and endemic health inequalities.The Lancet. Public health · 2022Review
- [Factors associated with mortality due to SARS-CoV-2 in the population over 75 years of age in the Community of Madrid].Revista clinica espanola · 2022Article
- Impact of socioeconomic status on the clinical outcomes in hospitalised patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a retrospective analysis.Zeitschrift fur Gesundheitswissenschaften = Journal of public health · 2022Article
- The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Germany may represent the sum of a large number of local but independent epidemics each initiated by individuals aged 10-19 years, middle-aged males, or elderly individuals.Journal of medical virology · 2022Article
- The Impact of Maternal Prenatal Stress Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic during the First 1000 Days: A Historical Perspective.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Review
- Aggressive measures, rising inequalities, and mass formation during the COVID-19 crisis: An overview and proposed way forward.Frontiers in public health · 2022Review
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11 authors.
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Abstract
BackgroundPopulation-based studies characterising outcomes of COVID-19 in European settings are limited, and effects of socio-economic status (SES) on outcomes have not been widely investigated. AimWe describe the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 cases, highlighting incidence and mortality rate differences across SES during the first wave in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.MethodsThis population-based study reports individual-level data of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases diagnosed from 24 February to 4 May 2020, notified to the Public Health Agency of Barcelona and followed until 15 June 2020. We analysed end-of-study vital status and the effects of chronic conditions on mortality using logistic regression. Geocoded addresses were linked to basic health area SES data, estimated using the composed socio-economic index. We estimated age-standardised incidence, hospitalisation, and mortality rates by SES.ResultsOf 15,554 COVID-19-confirmed cases, the majority were women (n = 9,028; 58%), median age was 63 years (interquartile range: 46-83), 8,046 (54%) required hospitalisation, and 2,287 (15%) cases died. Prevalence of chronic conditions varied across SES, and multiple chronic conditions increased risk of death (≥ 3, adjusted odds ratio: 2.3). Age-standardised rates (incidence, hospitalisation, mortality) were highest in the most deprived SES quartile (incidence: 1,011 (95% confidence interval (CI): 975-1,047); hospitalisation: 619 (95% CI: 591-648); mortality: 150 (95% CI: 136-165)) and lowest in the most affluent (incidence: 784 (95% CI: 759-809); hospitalisation: 400 (95% CI: 382-418); mortality: 121 (95% CI: 112-131)).ConclusionsCOVID-19 outcomes varied markedly across SES, underscoring the need to implement effective preventive strategies for vulnerable populations.
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