Research and application of KABP nursing model in cardiac rehabilitation of patients with acute myocardial infarction after PCI.

objectiveTo investigate the effect of a nursing protocol based on the KABP (Knowledge, Attitude, Belief and Practice) model in the cardiac rehabilitation (CR) of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

methodsIn this prospective study, a total of 76 patients with AMI who underwent PCI were selected as the research objects. Through random number table, the participants were divided into 41 cases in the KABP group (cardiac rehabilitation nursing based on KABP model) and 35 cases in the control group (conventional rehabilitation nursing). All patients underwent echocardiography within 48 hours after PCI and 3 months after the postoperative follow-up to determine the improvement of their cardiac function. The risk of falling out of bed for 7 days after surgery, the physical improvement and exercise endurance before and after the intervention, as well as the scores of Coronary Artery Disease Self-Management Scale (CSMS) and China Questionnaire of Quality of Life in Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases (CQQC) were compared between the two groups.

resultsWithin 48 hours after operation, there was no significant difference in the indicators of cardiac function between the two groups (all P>0.05). After 3 months of postoperative follow-up, the improvement of cardiac function of KABP group including left ventricular ejection fraction, stroke volume, and cardiac index were significantly better than those of the control group (all P<0.05), and NYHA class was also significantly better than that of the control group (P<0.001). On the 7th day after operation, the high risk of falling out of bed in the KABP group (17.07%) was significantly lower than that in the control group (74.29%; P<0.001). The metabolic equivalent, 6-minute walk test scores, and CQQC scores of the KABP group were significantly higher than those of the control group (all P<0.01). The total scores of daily life management, disease medical management, emotional cognitive management and self-management in CSMS were significantly higher than those of the control group (all P<0.01).

conclusionCardiac rehabilitation care based on the KABP model can improve the recovery of cardiac function of AMI patients after PCI, reduce the risk of falling out of bed, help patients recover their physical status and exercise endurance, and improve their management behavior and postoperative life quality.