Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34017003›Full record

ArticleNature communications2021

Optimized CRISPR tools and site-directed transgenesis towards gene drive development in Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes.

Xuechun Feng, Víctor López Del Amo, Enzo Mameli, Megan Lee, Alena L Bishop, Norbert Perrimon, Valentino M Gantz

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed
3.0field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 57 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Current research in insect science · 2026
    Article
  4. Copy Number Variation-Based Molecular Sexing ofbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Xuechun FengSection of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4313-700X
Víctor López Del AmoSection of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5567-3072
Enzo MameliDepartment of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0172-8090
Megan LeeSection of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Alena L BishopSection of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7189-015X
Norbert PerrimonDepartment of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7542-472X
Valentino M GantzSection of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. vgantz@ucsd.edu.ORCID 0000-0003-2453-0711
University of California San Diego · USBoston University · USHarvard University · US

Funding

Functional genomics resources for the Drosophila - TR&D3P41GM132087 · NIGMS · HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL · PI MOHR, STEPHANIE E · 2019 to 2023
$6.8M
Development, characterization and application of CRISPR/Cas9 gene drive technologies and related active genetic elements to benefit research and society at largeDP5OD023098 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI GANTZ, VALENTINO MATTEO · 2016 to 2020
$1.9M
Howard Hughes Medical InstituteNIGMS NIH HHS P41 GM132087NIH HHS DP5 OD023098
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Culex mosquitoes are a global vector for multiple human and animal diseases, including West Nile virus, lymphatic filariasis, and avian malaria, posing a constant threat to public health, livestock, companion animals, and endangered birds. While rising insecticide resistance has threatened the control of Culex mosquitoes, advances in CRISPR genome-editing tools have fostered the development of alternative genetic strategies such as gene drive systems to fight disease vectors. However, though gene-drive technology has quickly progressed in other mosquitoes, advances have been lacking in Culex. Here, we develop a Culex-specific Cas9/gRNA expression toolkit and use site-directed homology-based transgenesis to generate and validate a Culex quinquefasciatus Cas9-expressing line. We show that gRNA scaffold variants improve transgenesis efficiency in both Culex quinquefasciatus and Drosophila melanogaster and boost gene-drive performance in the fruit fly. These findings support future technology development to control Culex mosquitoes and provide valuable insight for improving these tools in other species.

Indexed as

AnimalsAnimals, Genetically ModifiedCRISPR-Cas SystemsCulexDrosophila melanogasterFemaleGene Drive TechnologyInsecticide ResistanceMaleMosquito ControlMosquito VectorsMutagenesis, Site-DirectedRNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas SystemsRNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas Systems

Identifiers

PMID34017003
PMCPMC8137705
OpenAlexW3160881640

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.