ArticleBioPsychoSocial medicine2021
Mental health and sleep habits/problems in children aged 3-4 years: a population study.
Article in BioPsychoSocial medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- 24-h Movement Guidelines and Overweight and Obesity Indicators in Toddlers, Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Sports medicine - open · 2023Pooled it
- Longitudinal associations between adherence to 24-h movement guidelines and physical fitness and body composition in pediatric overweight and obesity.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Association Between Psychological Distress and Sleep Quality in Children and Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study in Zhejiang, China.Metabolites · 2026Article
- Impact of parental adverse childhood experiences on offspring anxiety and depressive symptoms: a three-year longitudinal study.BMC psychology · 2026Article
- The relationships between bedtime routines and preschooler's sleep health and well-being: a cross-sectional survey in Japan.Sleep and biological rhythms · 2024Article
- Attachment to Mother and Father, Sleep, and Well-Being in Late Middle Childhood.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSleep is essential for mental health at all ages, but few studies have investigated the importance of sleep for mental health in early childhood. Therefore, this study examined the association between mental health and sleep habits/problems in children aged 3-4 years.
methodsChildren aged 3 to 4 years who were living in the community (n = 415; 211/204 boys/girls) were recruited for this study. Their mental health was assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), and their sleep habits/problems were evaluated using the Child and Adolescent Sleep Checklist.
resultsBased on the total difficulties score of the SDQ, the children were divided into two groups: a poor mental health group (n = 76) and a control group (n = 339). In terms of sleep habits, which included total sleep time, bedtime, wake time, and nap conditions, there were no differences between the two groups. Regarding sleep-related problems, however, anxiety before going to sleep (p = 0.026), circadian rhythm abnormalities (p = 0.014), and sleepiness during classes outside of naptimes (p = 0.031) were significantly higher in the poor mental health group than in the control group. Multiple regression analysis showed that poor mental health status was significantly associated with sleepiness and snoring (p = 0.017 and p = 0.018, respectively).
conclusionsThe mental health status of 3-4-year-old children was associated with sleep-related problems, namely sleepiness and snoring. Healthcare providers should pay attention to children's irregular sleep-wake patterns; moreover, interventions for appropriate sleep hygiene will reduce the psychological burden on both children and their families.
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