ArticleBMC public health2021
Characterizing symptoms of e-cigarette dependence: a qualitative study of young adults.
Article in BMC public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nicotine replacement therapy for vaping cessation among mono and dual users: A mixed methods preliminary study.Addictive behaviors · 2023Trial
- Unmasking the Risk of Vaping-Associated Pneumothorax in Rib Cartilage Rhinoplasty.Archives of plastic surgery · 2026Article
- What is the Addictive Potential from Vaping?Nordisk alkohol- & narkotikatidskrift : NAT · 2026Article
- Nicotine Dependence and Mental Health Among Syrian University Students: The Role of E-Cigarette Use: A Cross-Sectional Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Social media exposure, school prevention, and adolescent vaping: a structural equation model-based secondary analysis of the Florida youth tobacco survey.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Perceptions of vaping addiction and cessation among Australian young adults: A qualitative study.Tobacco induced diseases · 2026Article
- Validity of the E-cigarette Wisconsin Inventory of Smoking Dependence Motives in Exclusive E-cigarette Users: Evidence From a Laboratory Self-Administration Study.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025Article
- Prevalence and Associations of Vaping in Young People Entering Youth Custody in New South Wales, Australia-A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of paediatrics and child health · 2025Article
- Perspectives, motivations, and experiences of adolescents and young adults using nicotine vapes: a qualitative review.Health promotion international · 2025Article
- Electronic cigarette cue reactivity in exclusive electronic cigarette users.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2025Article
- Pavlovian conditioning with the internal stimulus effects of intravenous nicotine heightens later nicotine taking with variation by dose and sex.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Peers and Young Adult Electronic Nicotine Delivery Use: The Mediating Role of Vaping Attitudes/Beliefs.Substance use & misuse · 2025Article
- Recall of Flavor at First E-cigarette Use and Its Association with E-cigarette Progression: The Mediating Effects of First Sensory Experience.The Journal of pediatrics · 2024Article
- Understanding e-Cigarette Addictiveness: Triangulation of Focus Group and Netnographic Data.Journal of medical Internet research · 2024Article
- Does the time to nicotine dependence vary by internalizing symptoms for young people who use e-cigarettes? An analysis of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study, (Waves 1-5; 2013-2019).Addictive behaviors · 2024Article
- Article
- E-cigarette use reasons and associated e-cigarette use dependence among college students: A longitudinal examination.Addictive behaviors · 2024Article
- Uncontrolled vaping and restraint strategies: A qualitative study.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2024Article
- Perceiving E-Cigarettes as Safe and Safer Alternative to Cigarettes Among Young Adults.Substance use & addiction journal · 2024Article
- Most commonly used vaping brands by 18-25 year old young adults in Texas-Spring 2023.PloS one · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWhile rates of e-cigarette use ('vaping') continue to potentiate concern, there is limited data on common symptoms of e-cigarette dependence among young adults who vape. This study sought to critically explore how young adults experience, manifest, and conceptualize vaping dependence symptoms in their everyday lives.
methodsBetween June 2018 and 2019, in-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with 62 young adults who use e-cigarettes (aged 18-25) and live in Southern California. We explored participants' product preferences, daily e-cigarette use patterns, vaping history, withdrawal experiences, and quit attempts or periods of cessation. We used a thematic analysis approach to interpret the transcripts.
resultsYoung adults discussed nine dimensions of vaping dependence that were organized into two categories: 1) general nicotine dependence symptoms, and 2) unique dependence symptoms related to vaping. Nicotine dependence symptoms included cravings and urgency to use, increased use to achieve desired effects, and unsuccessful quit attempts and withdrawal. Symptoms unique to vaping dependence included greater nicotine consumption due to accessibility and lack of restrictions, habitual vaping, inability to track vaping frequency, immediate gratification and comfort, social acceptability and norms, and awareness of vaping dependency.
conclusionsIn addition to nicotine dependence symptoms that have been characterized for other tobacco products, young adult e-cigarette users described unique symptoms of vaping dependence that necessitate the need for more refined measures. All dimensions of vaping dependence should be considered in discussions of policies as well as treatment and education efforts intended to protect young people from e-cigarette dependence.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.