Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34015093›Full record

ArticleDevelopment (Cambridge, England)2021

Defective mesothelium and limited physical space are drivers of dysregulated lung development in a genetic model of congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

Rachel M Gilbert, Laurel E Schappell, Jason P Gleghorn

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Development (Cambridge, England), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
3.8field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Mapping Embryonic Mouse Lung Development Using Enhanced Spatial Transcriptomics.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Article
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  9. Therapeutic nanoparticle safety in pregnancy: Bridging knowledge gaps with environmental insights and a translational roadmap.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2025
    Review
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  15. Review
  16. Sex-related external factors influence pulmonary vascular angiogenesis in a sex-dependent manner.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2023
    Article
  17. Congenital diaphragmatic hernia.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2022
    Review
  18. Review
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  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Rachel M GilbertDepartments of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716,USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2523-9483
Laurel E SchappellDepartments of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716,USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9215-2076
Jason P GleghornDepartments of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716,USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1283-2966
University of Delaware · US

Funding

Predictive Modeling & Optimal Control Framework for Model-Based Epidemic Response in DelawareP20GM103446 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE · PI MELINDA K DUNCAN · 2012 to 2026
$67.2M
Subproject Title: Clinical Research Education, Mentoring and Career Development CoreU54GM104941 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE · PI Gregory E Hicks · 2013 to 2026
$60.5M
Pressure in lung development and congenital diaphragmatic herniaR01HL133163 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE · PI GLEGHORN, JASON PAUL · 2017 to 2021
$1.9M
Arsenic-mediated fibrosis and developmental dysregulation in the fetal lungR21ES027962 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE · PI GLEGHORN, JASON PAUL · 2018 to 2019
$411k
MESOTHELIAL MECHANOTRANSDUCTION AS A KEY REGULATOR OF EMBRYONIC LUNG GROWTHF31HL140781 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE · PI GILBERT, RACHEL · 2018 to 2021
$107k
NHLBI NIH HHS F31 HL140781NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL133163NIEHS NIH HHS R21 ES027962NIGMS NIH HHS P20 GM103446NIGMS NIH HHS U54 GM104941
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a developmental disorder associated with diaphragm defects and lung hypoplasia. The etiology of CDH is complex and its clinical presentation is variable. We investigated the role of the pulmonary mesothelium in dysregulated lung growth noted in the Wt1 knockout mouse model of CDH. Loss of WT1 leads to intrafetal effusions, altered lung growth, and branching defects prior to normal closure of the diaphragm. We found significant differences in key genes; however, when Wt1 null lungs were cultured ex vivo, growth and branching were indistinguishable from wild-type littermates. Micro-CT imaging of embryos in situ within the uterus revealed a near absence of space in the dorsal chest cavity, but no difference in total chest cavity volume in Wt1 null embryos, indicating a redistribution of pleural space. The altered space and normal ex vivo growth suggest that physical constraints are contributing to the CDH lung phenotype observed in this mouse model. These studies emphasize the importance of examining the mesothelium and chest cavity as a whole, rather than focusing on single organs in isolation to understand early CDH etiology.

Indexed as

AnimalsDiaphragmDisease Models, AnimalEpitheliumHernias, Diaphragmatic, CongenitalLungMiceMice, KnockoutThoraxWT1 ProteinsWT1 protein, mouseWT1 ProteinsBranching morphogenesisCDHDiaphragm developmentMicro-CTPleural cavityWT1

Identifiers

PMID34015093
PMCPMC8180258
OpenAlexW3162375792

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.