Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34013866›Full record

ArticleEmerging infectious diseases2021

Case-Control Study of Risk Factors for Acquired Hepatitis E Virus Infections in Blood Donors, United Kingdom, 2018-2019.

Iona Smith, Bengü Said, Aisling Vaughan, Becky Haywood, Samreen Ijaz, Claire Reynolds, Su Brailsford, Katherine Russell, Dilys Morgan

Open access · diamondAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Emerging infectious diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
1.7field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Increasing trends in hepatitis E hospitalisations in Spain, 1997 to 2019.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2024
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Observational
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. [Consensus on prevention and treatment of hepatitis E].Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology · 2022
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Hepatitis E Virus Immunopathogenesis.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Iona Smith
Bengü Said
Aisling Vaughan
Becky Haywood
Samreen Ijaz
Claire Reynolds
Su Brailsford
Katherine Russell
Dilys Morgan
National Institute for Health Research · GBUniversity of Liverpool · GBHealth Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections at University of Liverpool · GBPublic Health England · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the most common cause of acute viral hepatitis in England. Substantial yearly increases of autochthonous infections were observed during 2003-2016 and again during 2017-2019. Previous studies associated acute HEV cases with consumption of processed pork products, we investigated risk factors for autochthonous HEV infections in the blood donor population in England. Study participants were 117 HEV RNA-positive blood donors and 564 HEV RNA-negative blood donors. No persons with positive results were vegetarian; 97.4% of persons with positive results reported eating pork products. Consuming bacon (OR 3.0, 95% CI 1.7-5.5; p<0.0001), cured pork meats (OR 3.5, 95% CI 2.2-5.4; p<0.0001), and pigs' liver (OR 2.9, 95% CI 1.0-8.3; p = 0.04) were significantly associated with HEV infection. Our findings confirm previous links to pork products and suggest that appropriate animal husbandry is essential to reduce the risk for HEV infection.

Indexed as

Hepatitis EHepatitis E virusAnimalsBlood DonorsCase-Control StudiesEnglandHumansRisk FactorsRNA, ViralSwineUnited KingdomRNA, Viralblood-borne infectionsblood donationfood-borne infectionsfood safetyhepatitishepatitis Ehepatitis E virusHEVsurveillanceUnited Kingdomviral infectionsviruseszoonoseszoonotic infections

Identifiers

PMID34013866
PMCPMC8153866
OpenAlexW3160073158

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.