ArticleJournal of diabetes science and technology2022
Factors Associated with the Local Increase of Skin Temperature, 'Hotspot,' of Callus in Diabetic Foot: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Article in Journal of diabetes science and technology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Preventing Diabetic Foot Re-Ulceration Through an Innovative Pressure and Temperature Monitoring Clinical Device.The international journal of lower extremity wounds · 2026Trial
- An Evaluation of Real-world Smart Sock-Based Temperature Monitoring Data as a Physiological Indicator of Early Diabetic Foot Injury: Case-Control Study.JMIR formative research · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIncreased local skin temperature (hotspot) on a callus site as detected by thermography is a well-known precursor of diabetic foot ulcers. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with callus hotspots in order to predict the risk of callus hotspots and then provide information for specific interventions.
methodsIn this cross-sectional study, 1,007 patients' data from a diabetic foot prevention clinic between April 2008 and March 2020 were used. Data regarding patients' characteristics, foot calluses, and callus hotspots were collected and analyzed. Callus and callus hotspot were confirmed from foot photos and thermographs, respectively. A callus hotspot was defined as a relative increase in temperature compared to the skin surrounding the callus on the thermograph. Plantar pressure was measured with a pressure distribution measurement system. A generalized linear mixed model was used to identify the factors associated with callus hotspots.
resultsAmong the 2,014 feet, 28.5% had calluses, and 18.5% of feet with calluses had callus hotspots. The factors associated with callus hotspots were number of calluses (Adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 1.540,
conclusionsPatients with a higher SFPPP were more likely to have callus hotspots suggesting that SFPPP might contribute to callus inflammation. SFPPP has the potential to be a useful predictor of callus hotspots in people with diabetes and at the same time provide information for off-loading interventions to prevent callus hotspots.
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