ReviewMicrocirculation (New York, N.Y. : 1994)2021
Coronary microvascular dysfunction pathophysiology in COVID-19.
Review in Microcirculation (New York, N.Y. : 1994), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Aortic dissection and Covid-19; a comprehensive systematic review.Current problems in cardiology · 2023Pooled it
- Prognostic value of von Willebrand factor and ADAMTS13 in patients with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Thrombosis research · 2022Pooled it
- Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction and Lipid Molecules: Pathophysiological Mechanisms, Clinical Assessment, and Therapeutic Implications.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Review
- Coronary microvascular dysfunction in HFpEF: pathophysiologic mechanisms, diagnosis, treatments, and the amplifying potential of sepsis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Intermediate coronary microvascular dysfunction: a case report highlighting challenges in diagnosis and management.European heart journal. Case reports · 2025Article
- Isolation of Primary Human Saphenous Vein Endothelial Cells, Human Internal Thoracic Artery Endothelial Cells, and Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Microvascular Endothelial Cells from Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Long-Term Coronary Microvascular and Cardiac Dysfunction After Severe COVID-19 Hospitalization.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Myocardial ischaemia following COVID-19: a cardiovascular magnetic resonance study.The international journal of cardiovascular imaging · 2025Observational
- Coronary Implications of COVID-19.Medical principles and practice : international journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre · 2025Review
- The COVID-19 thrombus: distinguishing pathological, mechanistic, and phenotypic features and management.Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis · 2025Review
- Assessment of myocardial injury by SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging in patients with COVID-19 infection in a single center after lifting the restrictions in China.Annals of nuclear medicine · 2024Article
- Soluble platelet selectin and platelets in COVID-19: a multifaceted connection.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2024Review
- Coronary microvascular dysfunction in childhood: An emerging pathological entity and its clinical implications.American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice · 2024Article
- Endothelial Senescence: From Macro- to Micro-Vasculature and Its Implications on Cardiovascular Health.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- COVID-19 vaccines-associated Takotsubo cardiomyopathy: A narrative review.Le infezioni in medicina · 2024Review
- Review
- Home-Based Exercise Training in the Recovery of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children: A Case Series Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- COVID-19 as a trigger of Guillain-Barré syndrome: A review of the molecular mechanism.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2023Review
- Stress native T1 and native T2 mapping compared to myocardial perfusion reserve in long-term follow-up of severe Covid-19.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Atherosclerosis, Cardiovascular Disorders and COVID-19: Comorbid Pathogenesis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Recently, accumulating evidence has highlighted the role of endothelial dysfunction in COVID-19 progression. Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) plays a pivotal role in cardiovascular disease (CVD) and CVD-related risk factors (eg, age, gender, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and obesity). Equally, these are also risk factors for COVID-19. The purpose of this review was to explore CMD pathophysiology in COVID-19, based on recent evidence. COVID-19 mechanisms were reviewed in terms of imbalanced renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-systems (RAAS), systemic inflammation and immune responses, endothelial dysfunction, and coagulatory disorders. Based on these mechanisms, we addressed CMD pathophysiology within the context of COVID-19, from five perspectives. The first was the disarrangement of local RAAS and Kallikrein-kinin-systems attributable to SARS-Cov-2 entry, and the concomitant decrease in coronary microvascular endothelial angiotensin I converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) levels. The second was related to coronary microvascular obstruction, induced by COVID-19-associated systemic hyper-inflammation and pro-thrombotic state. The third was focused on how pneumonia/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)-related systemic hypoxia elicited oxidative stress in coronary microvessels and cardiac sympathetic nerve activation. Fourthly, we discussed how autonomic nerve dysfunction mediated by COVID-19-associated mental, physical, or physiological factors could elicit changes in coronary blood flow, resulting in CMD in COVID-19 patients. Finally, we analyzed reciprocity between the coronary microvascular endothelium and perivascular cellular structures due to viremia, SARS-CoV-2 dissemination, and systemic inflammation. These mechanisms may function either consecutively or intermittently, finally culminating in CMD-mediated cardiovascular symptoms in COVID-19 patients. However, the underlying molecular pathogenesis remains to be clarified.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.