Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34013184›Full record

ReviewMedicine and pharmacy reports2021

Causes, occupational risk and socio-economic determinants of eye injuries: a literature review.

Elli DO Kyriakaki, Emmanouil K Symvoulakis, Gregory Chlouverakis, Efstathios T Detorakis

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Medicine and pharmacy reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  7. Review
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  9. Renaissance of an Emerging Pathogen-Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Eye Care Behaviors among Adults in Poland: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Survey.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Elli DO KyriakakiDepartment of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece.
Emmanouil K SymvoulakisDepartment of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece.
Gregory ChlouverakisDepartment of Social Medicine, Biostatistics Lab, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece.
Efstathios T DetorakisDepartment of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Heraklion, Crete, Greece.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThis review provides literature views on ocular trauma, with emphasis on common causes of injury, occupational risk, socio-economic factors, management peculiarities and some implications on overall care approach, from prevention to treatment.

methodsA literature search was performed using key words in PubMed to extract the most relevant articles on ocular injuries, from an occupational point of view. Seventeen relevant articles were included out of seventy-two. Eight relevant articles were found from the references of the articles included and were also added. The total number of articles for this systematic search analysis was twenty-five. Collected information was tabulated in the Appendix.

resultsMost of the included publications were original articles. Many studies were retrospective and cross-sectional with a satisfactory rate of participant recruitment when reported. Most of eye injuries occurred in the workplace. Common eye injuries were due to foreign bodies and corneal abrasions. High-risk occupations included welders, farmers, metalworkers and grinding, construction and manufacturing workers. Most of the injuries could be preventable by using suitable protective eye devices (PED) but appropriate protection is a more complex process than it appears.

conclusionsFindings of this review showed that it is compulsory to inform people about the risk and consequences of eye injuries. Eye care services should be designed keeping in mind geo-epidemiologic trauma etiology patterns and local health system capacity. Issues of adherence to prevention measures remain object of knowledge dissemination, educational planning and cultural appraisal. Modernizing equipment and respecting workplace regulations are tasks that deserve continuous attention.

Indexed as

occupationocular injuriesocular traumaprotectionsystematic reviewworkers

Identifiers

PMID34013184
PMCPMC8118212

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.