Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34012769›Full record

ArticleJournal of clinical orthopaedics and trauma2021

The biomechanics of the rotator cuff in health and disease - A narrative review.

Ahsan Akhtar, James Richards, Puneet Monga

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of clinical orthopaedics and trauma, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07587502 (Effects of Blood Flow Restriction Therapy and Gua Sha Therapy in Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy Patients), which is not on this map. Cited by 33 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
33citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07587502 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Effects of Blood Flow Restriction Therapy and Gua Sha Therapy in Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy Patients

TypeinterventionalSponsorElite College of Management Sciences, Gujranwala, PakistanRan2025 to 2026Enrolled34ConditionsRotator Cuff Tendinopathy, Rotator Cuff SyndromeArmsBlood Flow Restriction, Gua Sha Scraping Therapy
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

33 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  12. [Key role of biomechanical properties and material selection in rotator cuff repair].Zhongguo xiu fu chong jian wai ke za zhi = Zhongguo xiufu chongjian waike zazhi = Chinese journal of reparative and reconstructive surgery · 2025
    Review
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  17. The elastic properties of the tendinous and capsular layers of the rotator cuff complex using fresh tissue-a biomechanical study.European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie · 2025
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Ahsan AkhtarUpper Limb Unit, Wrightington Hospital, Hall Lane, Appley Bridge, Wigan, WN6 9EP, UK.
James RichardsUpper Limb Unit, Wrightington Hospital, Hall Lane, Appley Bridge, Wigan, WN6 9EP, UK.
Puneet MongaUpper Limb Unit, Wrightington Hospital, Hall Lane, Appley Bridge, Wigan, WN6 9EP, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The rotator cuff has an important role in the stability and function of the glenohumeral joint. It is a complex anatomic structure commonly affected by injury such as tendinopathy and cuff tears. The rotator cuff helps to provide a stabilising effect to the shoulder joint by compressing the humeral head against the glenoid cavity via the concavity compression mechanism. To appreciate the function of the cuff it is imperative to understand the normal biomechanics of the cuff as well as the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of cuff disease. The shoulder joint offers a wide range of motion due to the variety of rotational moments the cuff muscles are able to provide. In order for the joint to remain stable, the cuff creates a force couple around the glenohumeral joint with coordinated activation of adjacent muscles, which work together to contain the otherwise intrinsically unstable glenohumeral joint and prevent proximal migration of the humerus. Once this muscular balance is lost, increased translations or subluxation of the humeral head may result, leading to changes in the magnitude and direction of the joint reaction forces at the glenohumeral joint. These mechanical changes may then result in a number of clinical presentations of shoulder dysfunction, disease and pain. This narrative review aims to highlight the importance of functional rotator cuff biomechanics whilst assessing the kinetics and kinematics of the shoulder joint, as well as exploring the various factors involved in cuff disease.

Indexed as

BiomechanicsDiseaseHealthReviewRotator cuff

Identifiers

PMID34012769
PMCPMC8111677

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.