Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34012604›Full record

ArticleJournal of thoracic disease2021

The spectrum, clinical features and diagnosis of chronic cough due to rare causes.

Kefang Lai, Jiaman Tang, Wenzhi Zhan, Hu Li, Fang Yi, Li Long, Jianmeng Zhou, Xiaomei Chen, Lianrong Huang, Zhangyu Sun and 6 more

Open access · diamondAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of thoracic disease, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
0.7field-weighted citation impact, top 28% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Chronic tic cough in adults: a case report.Frontiers in medicine · 2025
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Cough hypersensitivity and chronic cough.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2022
    Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Kefang LaiState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Jiaman TangState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Wenzhi ZhanState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Hu LiState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Fang YiState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Li LongState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Jianmeng ZhouState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Xiaomei ChenState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Lianrong HuangState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Zhangyu SunState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Ziyu JiangState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Yuehan ChenState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Hankun LuState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Wei LuoState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Ruchong ChenState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Nanshan ZhongState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University · CNState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease · CNGuangzhou Medical University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundChronic cough has many diverse causes, including common and uncommon causes. There are few comprehensive reports on rare causes of chronic cough. The purpose of this study is to determine the etiological distribution, clinical features, and diagnostic value of special examinations in patients with rare causes of chronic cough.

methodsA retrospective analysis of patients with chronic cough who underwent medical history taking, full examination, and etiological treatment over a 13-year period was conducted. Causes of chronic cough with a prevalence of less than 3% were defined as rare causes.

resultsA total of 1,554 patients were enrolled, and 39 causes of chronic cough were identified. Among them, 1,055 cases were due to common causes, whereas 235 cases were due to rare causes; the causes involved 7 bodily systems. The top five rare causes were protracted bacterial bronchitis, somatic cough syndrome, diffuse panbronchiolitis, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), and interstitial lung disease, accounting for 67.2% of all rare causes. Among 235 patients with rare causes, causes in 90 (38.3%) patients were detected by chest high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), in 44 (18.7%) patients by bronchoscopy/nasopharyngoscopy, and in 21 (8.9%) patients by pulmonary spirometry and diffusing capacity testing.

conclusionsAmong the 31 rare causes of chronic cough in this cohort, the top five were protracted bacterial bronchitis, somatic cough syndrome, diffuse panbronchiolitis, OSAS, and interstitial lung disease. Special examinations, such as chest HRCT and bronchoscopy, should be considered after excluding common causes of chronic cough.

Indexed as

Chronic coughrare causespecial examinationspectrum

Identifiers

PMID34012604
PMCPMC8107567
OpenAlexW3153171795

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.