Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34011561›Full record

ArticleClinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research2021

Neutralization of PD-L2 is Essential for Overcoming Immune Checkpoint Blockade Resistance in Ovarian Cancer.

Yu Rebecca Miao, Kaushik N Thakkar, Jin Qian, Mihalis S Kariolis, Wei Huang, Saravanan Nandagopal, Teddy Tat Chi Yang, Anh N Diep, Gerald Maxwell Cherf, Yu Xu and 8 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
46citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.0field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

46 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 58 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. The efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy in resectable stage I-III non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025
    Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Dendritic cell PD-L2 restrains intratumoral CD8bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.

Yu Rebecca MiaoDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
Kaushik N ThakkarDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, California.ORCID 0000-0002-4900-3371
Jin QianDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
Mihalis S KariolisDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, California.ORCID 0000-0003-2067-4013
Wei HuangChemPartner Shanghai, Shanghai, P.R. China.
Saravanan NandagopalDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, California.ORCID 0000-0002-1787-3356
Teddy Tat Chi YangChemPartner Shanghai, Shanghai, P.R. China.
Anh N DiepDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
Gerald Maxwell CherfDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, California.ORCID 0000-0003-4400-2414
Yu XuDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
Eui Jung MoonDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
Yiren XiaoDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
Haizea AlemanyDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, California.ORCID 0000-0002-2021-9099
Tiane LiDepartment of Biochemistry, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, P.R. China.
Wenhua YuDepartment of Biochemistry, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, P.R. China.
Bo WeiChina PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China.
Erinn B RankinDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
Amato J GiacciaDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, California. giaccia@stanford.edu.
Stanford Medicine · USHealthPartners · USPeking University · CNChinese PLA General Hospital · CNCRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology · GB

Funding

TUMOR HYPOXIA--MOLECULAR STUDIES &CLINICAL EXPLOITATIONP01CA067166 · NCI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI LE, QUYNH-THU XUAN · 1996 to 2017
$25.5M
Leveraging innovative technologies in basic and clinical cancer researchT32CA009302 · NCI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI LAURA D ATTARDI, Aaron M Newman · 1985 to 2026
$19.1M
The Impact of Mitochondrial Repression and Lipid Accumulation by HIF on Tumor GrowthR35CA197713 · NCI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI GIACCIA, AMATO J. · 2015 to 2021
$5.3M
Preclinical Testing of a Novel Therapy Targeting AXL in Advanced Kidney CancerR01CA198291 · NCI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI RANKIN, ERINN B · 2016 to 2020
$2.4M
Cancer Research UK 28736Medical Research Council MC_UU_00001/8NCI NIH HHS P01 CA067166NCI NIH HHS R01 CA198291NCI NIH HHS R35 CA197713NCI NIH HHS T32 CA009302
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeOvarian cancer represents a major clinical hurdle for immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), with reported low patient response rates. We found that the immune checkpoint ligand PD-L2 is robustly expressed in patient samples of ovarian cancers and other malignancies exhibiting suboptimal response to ICB but not in cancers that are ICB sensitive. Therefore, we hypothesize that PD-L2 can facilitate immune escape from ICB through incomplete blockade of the PD-1 signaling pathway. EXPERIMENTAL

designWe engineered a soluble form of the PD-1 receptor (sPD-1) capable of binding and neutralizing both PD-L2 and PD-L1 with ×200 and ×10,000 folds improvement in binding affinity over wild-type PD-1 leading to superior inhibition of ligand-mediated PD-1 activities.

resultsBoth

conclusionsThe data presented in this study provide justification for using a dual targeting, high-affinity sPD-1 receptor as an alternative to PD-1 or PD-L1 therapeutic antibodies for achieving superior therapeutic efficacy in cancers expressing both PD-L2 and PD-L1.

Indexed as

AnimalsDrug Resistance, NeoplasmFemaleHumansImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsMiceOvarian NeoplasmsProgrammed Cell Death 1 Ligand 2 ProteinImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsProgrammed Cell Death 1 Ligand 2 Protein

Identifiers

PMID34011561
PMCPMC8338886
OpenAlexW3161620475

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.