Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34011536›Full record

ArticleJournal for immunotherapy of cancer2021

Dichotomous and stable gamma delta T-cell number and function in healthy individuals.

Lingling Ou, Huaishan Wang, Qin Liu, Jie Zhang, Hezhe Lu, Liangping Luo, Changzheng Shi, Shaoqiang Lin, Liyun Dong, Yeye Guo and 11 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal for immunotherapy of cancer, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed
1.2field-weighted citation impact, top 22% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. DR5 CAR-T cells target melanoma and suppress MDSCs with minimal toxicity.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Tumor organoid-immune cell co-culture systems for precision oncology.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

21 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.

Lingling OuDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Huaishan WangDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8686-4357
Qin LiuMolecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Jie ZhangDepartment of Computer Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey, USA.
Hezhe LuState Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Liangping LuoDepartment of Stomatology, Jinan University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Changzheng ShiDepartment of Stomatology, Jinan University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Shaoqiang LinIntegrated Traditional and Western Medicine Research Center of The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.
Liyun DongDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Yeye GuoDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Lili HuangDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Jinjin ZhuDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Xiangfan YinMolecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Alexander C HuangDepartment of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Giorgos KarakousisDepartment of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Lynn SchuchterDepartment of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Ravi AmaravadiDepartment of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Cathy ZhengDepartment of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Yi FanDepartment of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Wei GuoDepartment of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Xiaowei XuDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA xug@pennmedicine.upenn.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4098-7690
University of Pennsylvania · USFirst Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University · CNThe Wistar Institute · USChinese Academy of Sciences · CNFirst Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University · CNNew Jersey Institute of Technology · US

Funding

UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA CAN CTR SUPPORT GRANTP30CA016520 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI SHELLEY L BERGER · 1985 to 2026
$222.3M
Tumor Microenvironment and MetastasisP30CA010815 · NCI · WISTAR INSTITUTE · PI Luis J Montaner · 1985 to 2026
$75.9M
Targeting the MAP and PI3 Kinase Pathways in MelanomaP01CA114046 · NCI · WISTAR INSTITUTE · PI MURPHY, MAUREEN E. · 2008 to 2023
$37.1M
Research Project 2 - Targeting Melanoma Tumor Survival and Apoptotic MachineryU54CA224070 · NCI · WISTAR INSTITUTE · PI Jessie Villanueva · 2017 to 2026
$13.9M
Radiation and checkpoint blockade for cancer immune therapyP01CA210944 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI VONDERHEIDE, ROBERT H · 2017 to 2022
$11.5M
Molecular Basis and Regulatory Mechanisms of Exosome SecretionR35GM141832 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI WEI GUO · 2021 to 2026
$3.9M
Intratumoral immunotherapy with formulated resiquimod for metastatic melanomaR44CA217489 · NCI · CUREBIOTECH, INC. · PI WANG, YEN TUN · 2019 to 2020
$2.0M
Novel injectable resiquimod formulation for treatment of metastatic cancersR43CA217489 · NCI · CUREBIOTECH, INC. · PI WANG, YEN T · 2017 to 2017
$203k
NCI NIH HHS P01 CA114046NCI NIH HHS P01 CA210944NCI NIH HHS P30 CA010815NCI NIH HHS P30 CA016520NCI NIH HHS R43 CA217489NCI NIH HHS R44 CA217489NCI NIH HHS U54 CA224070NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM141832
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundGamma-delta (γδ) T lymphocytes are primed to potently respond to pathogens and transformed cells by recognizing a broad range of antigens. However, adoptive immunotherapy with γδT cells has exhibited mixed treatment responses. Better understanding of γδT cell biology and stratifying healthy donors for allogeneic adoptive therapy is clinically needed to fully realize the therapeutic potential of γδT cells.

methodsWe examine 98 blood samples from healthy donors and measure their expansion capacity after zoledronate stimulation, and test the migration and cytotoxic effector function of expanded γδT cells in 2D culture, 3D tumor spheroid and patient-derived melanoma organoid assays.

resultsWe find that γδT cell expansion capacity is independent of expansion methods, gender, age and HLA type. Basal γδT cell levels in Peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) correlate well with their expansion, migration and cytotoxic effector capacity in vitro. Circulating γδT cells with lower expression of PD-1, CTLA-4, Eomes, T-bet and CD69, or higher IFN-γ production expand better. γδT cells with central memory and effector memory phenotypes are significantly more abundant in good expanders. A cut-off level of 0.82% γδT cells in PBMC stratifies good versus poor γδT cell expansion with a sensitivity of 97.78%, specificity of 90.48% and area under the curve of 0.968 in a healthy individual. Donors with higher Vδ2 Index Score in PBMC have greater anti-tumor functions including migratory function and cytotoxicity.

conclusionsOur results demonstrate that the interindividual γδT cell functions correlate with their circulating levels in healthy donors. Examination of circulating γδT cell level may be used to select healthy donors to participate in γδT-based immunotherapies.

Indexed as

Cell ProliferationLymphocyte ActivationAdultBiomarkersCell Line, TumorCell MovementCoculture TechniquesCytotoxicity, ImmunologicFemaleHealthy VolunteersHumansImmunologic MemoryImmunophenotypingIntraepithelial LymphocytesLymphocyte CountMaleBiomarkersZoledronic Acidadoptive cell therapygamma delta T-lymphocytesimmunotherapymelanoma

Identifiers

PMID34011536
PMCPMC8137237
OpenAlexW3163351759

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.