ArticleLearning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.)2021
'Sleep-dependent' memory consolidation? Brief periods of post-training rest and sleep provide an equivalent benefit for both declarative and procedural memory.
Article in Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Should we all just take 10? A meta-analysis of wakeful rest.Psychonomic bulletin & review · 2026Pooled it
- Trial
- Trial
- Feasibility and Acceptability of a Remote Sleep-Dependent Memory Assessment in Older Adults With Cognitive Concerns: Pilot Cross-Sectional Study.JMIR aging · 2026Article
- Wakeful rest and memory consolidation in an ecologically valid educational setting: no benefit over distractor tasks.Psychological research · 2026Article
- Awake targeted memory reactivation doesn't work.Memory & cognition · 2025Article
- The enhancement of nodal properties in the dorsal visual pathway is associated with compensatory mechanisms of visuospatial cognitive abilities following total sleep deprivation.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Article
- Article
- Active and Passive Offline Breaks Differentially Impact the Consolidation of Procedural Motor Memories in Children and Adults.Brain and behavior · 2024Article
- Association Between EEG Microarousal During Nocturnal Sleep and Next-Day Selective Attention in Mild Sleep-Restricted Healthy Undergraduates.Nature and science of sleep · 2024Article
- Modulating temporal dynamics of performance across retinotopic locations enhances the generalization of perceptual learning.iScience · 2023Article
- Correlation of Various Sleep Patterns on Different Types of Memory Retention: A Systematic Review.Cureus · 2023Review
- Functional near-infrared spectroscopy neurofeedback of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex enhances human spatial working memory.Neurophotonics · 2023Article
- Context matters: changes in memory over a period of sleep are driven by encoding context.Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.) · 2023Article
- Wakeful Rest Benefits Recall, but Not Recognition, of Incidentally Encoded Memory Stimuli in Younger and Older Adults.Brain sciences · 2022Article
- Sleep preferentially consolidates negative aspects of human memory: Well-powered evidence from two large online experiments.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- Prefrontal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Globally Improves Learning but Does Not Selectively Potentiate the Benefits of Targeted Memory Reactivation on Awake Memory Consolidation.Brain sciences · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Sleep following learning facilitates the consolidation of memories. This effect has often been attributed to sleep-specific factors, such as the presence of sleep spindles or slow waves in the electroencephalogram (EEG). However, recent studies suggest that simply resting quietly while awake could confer a similar memory benefit. In the current study, we examined the effects of sleep, quiet rest, and active wakefulness on the consolidation of declarative and procedural memory. We hypothesized that sleep and eyes-closed quiet rest would both benefit memory compared with a period of active wakefulness. After completing a declarative and a procedural memory task, participants began a 30-min retention period with PSG (polysomnographic) monitoring, in which they either slept (
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.