Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34011315›Full record

ArticleBMC medical informatics and decision making2021

Electronic clinical decision support for children with minor head trauma and intracranial injuries: a sociotechnical analysis.

Jacob K Greenberg, Ayodamola Otun, Azzah Nasraddin, Ross C Brownson, Nathan Kuppermann, David D Limbrick, Po-Yin Yen, Randi E Foraker

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC medical informatics and decision making, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
2.7field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 11 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Facilitators and Barriers of the Use of Prognostic Models for Clinical Decision Making in Acute Neurologic Care: A Systematic Review.Medical decision making : an international journal of the Society for Medical Decision Making · 2025
    Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Jacob K GreenbergDepartments of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave., Box 8057, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA. jacobgreenberg@wustl.edu.ORCID 0000-0003-2675-5658
Ayodamola OtunDepartments of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave., Box 8057, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
Azzah NasraddinBrown School of Social Work, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Ross C BrownsonBrown School of Social Work, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Nathan KuppermannDepartment of Emergency Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
David D LimbrickDepartments of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave., Box 8057, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
Po-Yin Yen *Institute for Informatics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Randi E Foraker *Institute for Informatics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Washington University in St. Louis · USUniversity of California, Davis · US

Funding

AHRQ HHS 1F32HS027075-01A1AHRQ HHS F32 HS027075Thrasher Research Fund 15024
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCurrent management of children with minor head trauma (MHT) and intracranial injuries is not evidence-based and may place some children at risk of harm. Evidence-based electronic clinical decision support (CDS) for management of these children may improve patient safety and decrease resource use. To guide these efforts, we evaluated the sociotechnical environment impacting the implementation of electronic CDS, including workflow and communication, institutional culture, and hardware and software infrastructure, among other factors.

methodsBetween March and May, 2020 semi-structured qualitative focus group interviews were conducted to identify sociotechnical influences on CDS implementation. Physicians from neurosurgery, emergency medicine, critical care, and pediatric general surgery were included, along with information technology specialists. Participants were recruited from nine health centers in the United States. Focus group transcripts were coded and analyzed using thematic analysis. The final themes were then cross-referenced with previously defined sociotechnical dimensions.

resultsWe included 28 physicians and four information technology specialists in seven focus groups (median five participants per group). Five physicians were trainees and 10 had administrative leadership positions. Through inductive thematic analysis, we identified five primary themes: (1) clinical impact; (2) stakeholders and users; (3) tool content; (4) clinical practice integration; and (5) post-implementation evaluation measures. Participants generally supported using CDS to determine an appropriate level-of-care for these children. However, some had mixed feelings regarding how the tool could best be used by different specialties (e.g. use by neurosurgeons versus non-neurosurgeons). Feedback from the interviews helped refine the tool content and also highlighted potential technical and workflow barriers to address prior to implementation.

conclusionsWe identified key factors impacting the implementation of electronic CDS for children with MHT and intracranial injuries. These results have informed our implementation strategy and may also serve as a template for future efforts to implement health information technology in a multidisciplinary, emergency setting.

Indexed as

Craniocerebral TraumaDecision Support Systems, ClinicalChildElectronicsEmergency Service, HospitalHumansUnited StatesWorkflowElectronic clinical decision supportHead traumaHealth information technologyImplementation scienceSociotechnical analysisTraumatic brain injury

Identifiers

PMID34011315
PMCPMC8132484
OpenAlexW3160118200

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.