SynthesisTherapeutic advances in respiratory disease
An increased risk of lung cancer in combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema patients with usual interstitial pneumonia compared with patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis alone: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Therapeutic advances in respiratory disease. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical characteristics of lung cancer in patients with connective tissue disease associated interstitial lung disease: a brief report.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Article
- Smoker's Lungs: Quo Vadis? Exploring the Shared and Individual Smoking-Related Molecular Pathways of Emphysema, Carcinoma, and Fibrosis - An Illustrative Review.Thoracic cancer · 2026Review
- Computed tomography imaging features of major pulmonary and extrapulmonary complications of fibrotic lung diseases.Einstein (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2026Review
- Does combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema syndrome affect response to antifibrotic therapy and survival? A single-center retrospective cohort study.Sarcoidosis, vasculitis, and diffuse lung diseases : official journal of WASOG · 2025Article
- Clinical characteristics of hospitalized lung cancer patients with concomitant idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a retrospective cohort study.Journal of thoracic disease · 2025Article
- Concomitant Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and Lung Cancer: An Updated Narrative Review.Advances in respiratory medicine · 2025Review
- The Presence of Emphysema in Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and Lung Cancer: Impact on Tumor Features, Acute Exacerbation, and Survival.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a prognostic marker for lung cancer in combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema patients.European journal of medical research · 2025Article
- Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema: a narrative review.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- Review
- Article
- The predictive value of the change of the number of pixels under different CT value intervals in the CT-occult central lung squamous cell carcinoma and squamous epithelial precancerous lesions.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2023Article
- Review
- Review
- The Impact of Lung Cancer in Patients with Combined Pulmonary Fibrosis and Emphysema (CPFE).Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Traction Bronchiectasis/Bronchiolectasis on CT Scans in Relationship to Clinical Outcomes and Mortality: The COPDGene Study.Radiology · 2022Article
- Syndrome of Combined Pulmonary Fibrosis and Emphysema: An Official ATS/ERS/JRS/ALAT Research Statement.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2022Article
- Galectins in Cancer and the Microenvironment: Functional Roles, Therapeutic Developments, and Perspectives.Biomedicines · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLung cancer is an important complication of combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE). Whether the risk of lung cancer is higher in CPFE patients with usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) than those with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) alone, remains controversial. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the prevalence of lung cancer in CPFE patients with UIP compared with IPF patients.
methodsWe searched the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases for studies that focused on the incidence of lung cancer in CPFE/UIP and IPF groups. We used a fixed-effects model to analyze the odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) according to data heterogeneity. The cumulative effects based on the publication year and sample size were assessed by cumulative meta-analysis.
resultsA total of nine studies with 933 patients, including 374 CPFE patients with UIP, fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Overall, CPFE patients with UIP have a higher risk of lung cancer than those with IPF alone (OR = 2.69; 95% CI: 1.78-4.05). There were increased risks of lung cancer in CPFE/UIP patients with the presence of emphysema (OR = 2.93; 95% CI: 1.79-4.79) or emphysema in ⩾10% of the lung volume (OR = 2.22; 95% CI: 1.06-4.68).
conclusionsOur systematic review and meta-analysis indicated a significantly higher prevalence of lung cancer in CPFE patients with UIP than in patients with IPF alone.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.