ArticleHealth & place2021
Spatial and temporal inequalities in mortality in the USA, 1968-2016.
Article in Health & place, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Geographic Variation in Racial Disparities in Age-Adjusted Mortality Rates in Mississippi.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Spatially Continuous Maps of Disease Risk: An Analysis of Mortality Disparities in the United States.AJPM focus · 2025Article
- Left behind? A longitudinal ecological study of 'regional deprivation amplification' and life expectancy growth in in England (2004 to 2020).Health & place · 2025Article
- Are There Regional Differences in Mental Health among Black Americans? An Exploration of Explanatory Mechanisms.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- A tale of many neighborhoods: Latent profile analysis to derive a national neighborhood typology for the US.Health & place · 2024Article
- Intraurban Geographic and Socioeconomic Inequalities of Mortality in Four Cities in Colombia.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Heterogeneity in Disparities in Life Expectancy Across US Metropolitan Areas.Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2022Article
- Spatial-temporal analysis of cerebral infarction mortality in Hokkaido, Japan: an ecological study using a conditional autoregressive model.International journal of health geographics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Previous UK and European research has highlighted important variations in mortality between populations after adjustment for key determinants such as poverty and deprivation. The aim here was to establish whether similar populations could be identified in the US, and to examine changes over time. We employed Poisson regression models to compare county-level mortality with national rates between 1968 and 2016, adjusting for poverty, education, race (a proxy for exposure to racism), population change and deindustrialisation. Results are presented by means of population-weighted cartograms, and highlight widening spatial inequalities in mortality over time, including an urban to rural, and south-westward, shift in areas with the highest levels of such unexplained 'excess' mortality. There is a need to understand the causes of the excess in affected communities, given that it persists after adjustment for such a broad range of important health determinants.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.