SynthesisPloS one2021
The impact of urinary incontinence on falls: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 85 citations in OpenAlex.
- Urinary Incontinence and Risk of All-Cause Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.Neurourology and urodynamics · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Associations between psychological and trauma-related factors and urinary incontinence severity and treatment response among women veterans.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2026Trial
- Does combining two evidence-based exercise programs in elderly people with incontinence have a triple effect on incontinence symptoms, balance and functional status?International urology and nephrology · 2025Trial
- Investigation of the Number of Falls and Fall Risk Factors in Geriatric Individuals Living in a Nursing Home.Journal of clinical practice and research · 2026Article
- Power-Based Multicomponent Training, Pelvic Floor Muscle Activation Instructions, and Psychoeducation for Urinary Incontinence, Balance and Fear of Falling in Older Women (FIRE-WOMEN): Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Bladder Sensation and Gait: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study of Dual-Task Interference in Older Women.International urogynecology journal · 2026Observational
- Associations between nutritional risk indices and fall history in older adults: a retrospective cross-sectional study.BMC geriatrics · 2026Article
- Assessing the Value of PureWick™ for Female Urinary Incontinence in Non-Acute Settings: Multi-Country Cost-Effectiveness and Budget Impact Analyses.Advances in therapy · 2026Article
- A metabolic-inflammatory phenotype of pelvic floor dysfunction: A machine learning-based cross-sectional study in a nationally representative US population.The Journal of international medical research · 2026Article
- Post-Pandemic Prevalence of Urinary Incontinence Among Women in the United States and Associated Risk Factors.International urogynecology journal · 2026Article
- Association between nighttime sleep duration and falls among community-dwelling older adults aged 65 and over: findings from a nationwide population-based study.BMC geriatrics · 2026Article
- Insomnia symptoms, sleep duration, and risk of falls in older adult women: findings from the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2026Article
- Perspectives of frail older adults and family caregivers on Urinary Incontinence interventions: A qualitative study.PloS one · 2026Article
- Safety, Efficacy, and Patient-Reported Outcomes of the PureWick™ System Versus Comparator for Nocturnal Urinary Incontinence in the Home Setting: Results of a Randomized Trial.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Advancing Evidence-Based Nursing: The Updated German Expert Standard on Continence Promotion.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Social Isolation Among Individuals with Incontinence: A Scoping Review.Nursing reports (Pavia, Italy) · 2025Review
- Factors Associated With Falls Among Residents Living in Long-Term Care Homes in Ontario.International journal of older people nursing · 2025Article
- Updating STEADI for Primary Care: Recommendations From the American Geriatrics Society Workgroup.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2025Article
- Suffering and loss in Lewy body dementia: Applying a palliative care lens to a longitudinal narrative study.Palliative & supportive care · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivePrevious studies on the association between urinary incontinence (UI) and falls have reported conflicting results. We, therefore, aimed to evaluate and clarify this association through a systematic review and meta-analysis of relevant studies.
methodsWe performed a literature search for relevant studies in databases including PubMed and EMBASE from inception up to December 13, 2020, using several search terms related to UI and falls. Based on the data reported in these studies, we calculated the pooled odds ratios (ORs) for falls and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using the Mantel-Haenszel method.
resultsThis meta-analysis included 38 articles and a total of 230,129 participants. UI was significantly associated with falls (OR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.45-1.83). Subgroup analyses based on the age and sex of the participants revealed a significant association between UI and falls in older (≥65 years) participants (OR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.31-1.93), and in both men (OR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.57-2.25) and women (OR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.29-1.54). Subgroup analysis based on the definition of falls revealed a significant association between UI and falls (≥1 fall event) (OR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.42-1.82) and recurrent falls (≥2 fall events) (OR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.49-1.78). According to the UI type, a significant association between UI and falls was observed in patients with urgency UI (OR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.15-1.70) and those with stress UI (OR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.39-2.15).
conclusionsThis meta-analysis, which was based on evidence from a review of the published literature, clearly demonstrated that UI is an important risk factor for falls in both general and older populations.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.