Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34009643›Full record

ArticleJournal of the American Geriatrics Society2021

Geographic disparities in mortality from Alzheimer's disease and related dementias.

Igor Akushevich, Arseniy P Yashkin, Anatoliy I Yashin, Julia Kravchenko

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
2.1field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Incidence and risk factors for AD/ADRD among American Indian and Alaska Native US Veterans.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026
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  6. Unraveling disparities in county-level dementia diagnosis prevalence across the United States.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025
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  11. Geographic Patterns of Dementia in the United States: Variation by Place of Residence, Place of Birth, and Subpopulation.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Igor AkushevichBiodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Arseniy P YashkinBiodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Anatoliy I YashinBiodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Julia KravchenkoDepartment of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Duke University · USDuke Medical Center · USSocial Science Research Council · US

Funding

Racial and Geographic Disparities in Risk and Survival of Alzheimer's Disease and Related DementiasR01AG066133 · NIA · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI AKUSHEVICH, IGOR · 2019 to 2023
$3.7M
Genetics of changes in population pyramids: Implications for health forecasting with a focus on Alzheimer's Disease and related dementiasRF1AG046860 · NIA · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI YASHIN, ANATOLIY I · 2019 to 2019
$3.1M
Determinants of geographic disparities in mortality and multimorbidity in the U.S.R01AG057801 · NIA · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI AKUSHEVICH, IGOR, KRAUCHANKA, YULIYA · 2019 to 2023
$2.1M
NIA NIH HHS R01 AG057801NIA NIH HHS R01-AG057801NIA NIH HHS R01 AG066133NIA NIH HHS R01-AG066133NIA NIH HHS RF1 AG046860NIA NIH HHS RF1-AG046860
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThe regions with highest and lowest Alzheimer's disease (AD) mortality across the United States at state/county levels were identified and their contribution to the differences in total mortality rates between these regions was evaluated. The disease, disease group, sex, race/ethnicity, and place-of-death-related inter-region differences that engender the disparity in mortality were quantitatively described. The hypothesis that inter-regional differences in filling out death certificates are a major contributor to differences in AD mortality was tested.

designRetrospective evaluation of death certificate data.

settingThe United States.

participantsDeceased US residents, 1999-2018.

methodsRegion-specific age-adjusted mortality rates and group-specific rate decomposition.

resultsThe county clusters with the highest and lowest AD mortality rates were in Washington (WA) and New York (NY), respectively, with other notable high-mortality clusters on the border of Tennessee, Georgia, and Alabama as well as in North Dakota and South Dakota. These patterns were stable over the 1999-2018 period. AD had the highest contribution to total mortality difference between WA and NY (156%, higher in WA), in contrast circulatory diseases had a contribution of comparable magnitude (154%) but were higher in NY. Differences in cause-of-death certificate coding, either through coding of non-AD dementias, or other conditions accompanying a potential AD death could not account for differences in AD mortality between NY and WA.

conclusionsInter-regional differences in filling out death certificates were not a major contributor to variation in AD mortality between the regions with the highest and lowest rates. The respective mitigation of the effects of neural and circulatory diseases and several other high-impact conditions would not negate the disparity in mortality between NY and WA.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseCause of DeathComorbidityDatabases, FactualFemaleHumansMaleRetrospective StudiesUnited StatesAlzheimer's diseasecause of deathdisparitiesmortality

Identifiers

PMID34009643
PMCPMC8373784
OpenAlexW3160906981

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.