ArticleGenetics2021
shrunken4 is a mutant allele of ZmYSL2 that affects aleurone development and starch synthesis in maize.
Article in Genetics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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17 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Developmental stage-specific disruption of iron allocation by a ZmYSL2 mutation in maize.Planta · 2026Article
- Article
- Nitrogen threshold under straw returning: optimizing nitrogen application to synergize the yield and nutritional stoichiometry of maize.Frontiers in plant science · 2026Article
- Decades' progress and prospects on maize functional genomics and molecular breeding.Science China. Life sciences · 2025Review
- Analysis of candidate genes identified via genome-wide association analysis of sugar-related traits in maize kernels.The plant genome · 2025Article
- Article
- The aleurone layer of cereal grains: Development, genetic regulation, and breeding applications.Plant communications · 2025Review
- Review
- Biofortification of baby corn: Integrating agronomic and genetic approaches to address zinc micronutrient deficiencies - global perspectives and future challenges.Frontiers in plant science · 2025Review
- Molecular mechanisms controlling grain size and weight and their biotechnological breeding applications in maize and other cereal crops.Journal of advanced research · 2024Review
- Identification and characterization of yellow stripe-like genes in maize suggest their roles in the uptake and transport of zinc and iron.BMC plant biology · 2024Article
- The transcription factors ZmNAC128 and ZmNAC130 coordinate with Opaque2 to promote endosperm filling in maize.The Plant cell · 2023Article
- Nicotianamine: A Key Player in Metal Homeostasis and Hyperaccumulation in Plants.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- ZmDRR206 Regulates Nutrient Accumulation in Endosperm through Its Role in Cell Wall Biogenesis during Maize Kernel Development.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- A genome-wide association study identifies a transporter for zinc uploading to maize kernels.EMBO reports · 2023Article
- Identification of a new mutant allele ofMolecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement · 2022Article
- Maize Endosperm Development: Tissues, Cells, Molecular Regulation and Grain Quality Improvement.Frontiers in plant science · 2022Review
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Minerals are stored in the aleurone layer and embryo during maize seed development, but how they affect endosperm development and activity is unclear. Here, we cloned the gene underlying the classic maize kernel mutant shrunken4 (sh4) and found that it encodes the YELLOW STRIPE-LIKE oligopeptide metal transporter ZmYSL2. sh4 kernels had a shrunken phenotype with developmental defects in the aleurone layer and starchy endosperm cells. ZmYSL2 showed iron and zinc transporter activity in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Analysis using a specific antibody indicated that ZmYSL2 predominately accumulated in the aleurone and sub-aleurone layers in endosperm and the scutellum in embryos. Specific iron deposition was observed in the aleurone layer in wild-type kernels. In sh4, however, the outermost monolayer of endosperm cells failed to accumulate iron and lost aleurone cell characteristics, indicating that proper functioning of ZmYSL2 and iron accumulation are essential for aleurone cell development. Transcriptome analysis of sh4 endosperm revealed that loss of ZmYSL2 function affects the expression of genes involved in starch synthesis and degradation processes, which is consistent with the delayed development and premature degradation of starch grains in sh4 kernels. Therefore, ZmYSL2 is critical for aleurone cell development and starchy endosperm cell activity during maize seed development.
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