ArticleGenome biology and evolution2021
Coxiella burnetii and Related Tick Endosymbionts Evolved from Pathogenic Ancestors.
Article in Genome biology and evolution, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Prevalence ofFrontiers in veterinary science · 2021Pooled it
- Feeding-state is associated with shifts in the Haemaphysalis bispinosa microbiome and its potential as a sentinel for circulating livestock pathogens.Veterinary research communications · 2026Article
- Diversity and Occurrence of Tick-Borne Pathogens in Small Ruminants and Their Ticks in Sardinia: Implications for Animal Health and Zoonotic Risk.Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- Molecular Detection ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Combining PCR and Metagenomic Approaches to Reveal Tick-Borne Pathogens in Ticks Collected from Livestock and Companion Animals in Cambodia.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Stepwise assembly of virulence-associated traits in the intracellular pathogenbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Genetic Diversity and Novel Lineages ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Transcriptome of Coxiella-like endosymbionts in Haemaphysalis longicornis during blood feeding.The Journal of veterinary medical science · 2026Article
- First evidence of naturally vertically transmitted Coxiella-like endosymbionts in Haemaphysalis bispinosa from dairy cattle in Indonesia.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Molecular Detection and Prevalence ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Origin and function of beneficial bacterial symbioses in insects.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2025Review
- Distribution ofParasite epidemiology and control · 2025Review
- Evolutionary Convergence of Nutritional Symbionts in Ticks.Environmental microbiology reports · 2025Article
- Article
- The Tick Microbiome: The "Other Bacterial Players" in Tick Biocontrol.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Bacterial community of ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) and mammals from Arauca, Colombian Orinoquia.International journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife · 2024Article
- Serosurvey ofMicroorganisms · 2024Article
- Metabolism and physiology of pathogenic bacterial obligate intracellular parasites.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Review
- The Molecular Detection of Bacterial Infections of Public Health Importance in Hard Tick (Microorganisms · 2023Article
- Impact of endosymbionts on tick physiology and fitness.Parasitology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Both symbiotic and pathogenic bacteria in the family Coxiellaceae cause morbidity and mortality in humans and animals. For instance, Coxiella-like endosymbionts (CLEs) improve the reproductive success of ticks-a major disease vector, while Coxiella burnetii causes human Q fever, and uncharacterized coxiellae infect both animals and humans. To better understand the evolution of pathogenesis and symbiosis in this group of intracellular bacteria, we sequenced the genome of a CLE present in the soft tick Ornithodoros amblus (CLEOA) and compared it to the genomes of other bacteria in the order Legionellales. Our analyses confirmed that CLEOA is more closely related to C. burnetii, the human pathogen, than to CLEs in hard ticks, and showed that most clades of CLEs contain both endosymbionts and pathogens, indicating that several CLE lineages have evolved independently from pathogenic Coxiella. We also determined that the last common ancestorof CLEOA and C. burnetii was equipped to infect macrophages and that even though horizontal gene transfer (HGT) contributed significantly to the evolution of C. burnetii, most acquisition events occurred primarily in ancestors predating the CLEOA-C. burnetii divergence. These discoveries clarify the evolution of C. burnetii, which previously was assumed to have emerged when an avirulent tick endosymbiont recently gained virulence factors via HGT. Finally, we identified several metabolic pathways, including heme biosynthesis, that are likely critical to the intracellular growth of the human pathogen but not the tick symbiont, and show that the use of heme analog is a promising approach to controlling C. burnetii infections.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.