Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34008086›Full record

ArticleThe European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care2021

Long-term cost of breast cancer treatment to the United States Medicare Program by stage at diagnosis.

Ian Grady, Sean Grady, Nailya Chanisheva

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Article in The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Healthcare cost for non-hospital services and pharmaceuticals among breast cancer survivors: an event study.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Ian GradyNorth Valley Breast Clinic, Redding, CA, USA. igrady@breastpractice.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3431-9995
Sean GradyNorth Valley Breast Clinic, Redding, CA, USA.
Nailya ChanishevaNorth Valley Breast Clinic, Redding, CA, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionBreast cancer treatment includes increasingly complex and expensive treatments. Accordingly, the current estimates of the cost of breast cancer treatment are out of date.

methodsThe SEER-Medicare Data Link provided 142,837,978 paid Medicare claims from 398,148 female beneficiaries between the ages of 22 and 110 diagnosed with breast cancer between 2007 and 2016. These claims were compared with 153,071,044 claims from 443,952 Medicare beneficiaries without a cancer diagnosis. The total, fully adjudicated, amounts for each claim were summed to determine total treatment cost for each beneficiary. These costs were then aggregated by year after diagnosis and stage at diagnosis. The actuarial survival of beneficiaries with cancer was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method.

resultsMean costs for the control group were $8,019 per year. The 10-year cost of cancer treatment in Medicare beneficiaries was directly related to stage at diagnosis and ranged from $103,573 for stage 0 cancers to $376,573 for stage 4 cancers. The highest cost occurred during the first 2 years after diagnosis, the time of the beneficiary's initial treatment. Following the first 2 years, healthcare costs remained elevated for at least 10 years after diagnosis.

conclusionsThe 10-year treatment cost of female Medicare beneficiaries with breast cancer increases with increasing stage at diagnosis. Any effective screening technology that reduces stage at diagnosis will result in significant treatment cost savings to the Medicare program.

Indexed as

Breast NeoplasmsMedicareAdultAgedAged, 80 and overCost SavingsFemaleHealth Care CostsHumansMass ScreeningMiddle AgedUnited StatesYoung AdultBreast neoplasmCost-benefit analysisDirect service costsFemaleHealthcare costsHuman

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.