ReviewInnovations in pharmacy2019
A Review of the Pharmacist as Vaccinator.
Review in Innovations in pharmacy, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Expanding vaccination provider types and administration sites can increase vaccination uptake: A systematic literature review of the evidence in non-United States geographies.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Pooled it
- Evaluating the Influenza Vaccination Knowledge Among People Living in a Rural and Medically Underserved Community of Washington State.Vaccines · 2025Article
- The impact of two-year community-wide pharmacy interventions on the public's knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and behaviors about pharmacists as immunizers.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Healthcare providers' awareness, attitudes, beliefs, and practices surrounding pharmacist-administered vaccination: Insights after a two-year intervention.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- Review
- State Medicaid Coverage and Reimbursement of Adult Vaccines Administered by Physicians and Pharmacists.AJPM focus · 2024Review
- Vaccine knowledge, attitudes, and recommendation practices among health care providers in New York State.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Article
- [Evaluation of the satisfaction of the French with the Covid-19 vaccination in pharmacies].Actualites pharmaceutiques · 2022Review
- COVID-19 vaccinations in German pharmacies: A survey on patient and provider satisfaction.Vaccine · 2022Article
- Assessment of Satisfaction with Pharmacist-Administered COVID-19 Vaccinations in France: PharmaCoVax.Vaccines · 2022Article
- Pharmacists as immunizers in Lebanon: a national survey of community pharmacists' willingness and readiness to administer adult immunization.Human resources for health · 2021Article
- Pharmacists' answer to the COVID-19 pandemic: Contribution of the Federal Retail Pharmacy Program to COVID-19 vaccination across sociodemographic characteristics-United States.Journal of the American Pharmacists Association : JAPhAArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThe aim of this study is to review literature about how the pharmacist's role as vaccination providers has been financially and clinically measured.
methodsA broad literature search was conducted up to May 2016 to identify economic or clinical data on pharmacy vaccinations. MEDLINE® and PUBMED databases were searched for publications useful or potentially useful for this review. The NIH and CDC websites were also searched for relevant materials. Search terms included vaccination, pharmacist, economic, pharmacoeconomics, cost, benefits cost-effectiveness, physicians, immunizations, vaccinations, pharmacy vaccines, cost, physician vaccines, financial, benefit, ambulatory pharmacist vaccination, clinical pharmacist, economics, pharmacist vaccine impact.
resultsThe search yielded a total of 68 articles of which 12 met the criteria to be included in this review. After examining articles for relevance to pharmacy vaccinations, two tables were created to highlight the clinical and economic advantages of the pharmacist as a vaccinator.
conclusionPharmacists who administer vaccines are an underutilized provider. This literature review reveals a pattern among studies measuring the pharmacist's impact on vaccination rates, patient preferences, and cost savings. Pharmacists have a history of demonstrated dependability, accuracy, and cost effectiveness. State laws, collaborative agreements, and health plans have continued to prevent patients from using the pharmacy to receive the CDC recommended vaccines. These barriers ultimately delay the Healthy People 2020 goals.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.