ArticleSouthern African journal of HIV medicine2021
Pharmacogenetics of tenofovir and emtricitabine penetration into cerebrospinal fluid.
Article in Southern African journal of HIV medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pharmacogenomic profiling of ABCB1 and CES1 in atrial fibrillation patients on dabigatran from a multiethnic Malaysian cohort.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Pharmacokinetic Model of Tenofovir and Emtricitabine and Their Intracellular Metabolites in Patients in the ANRS 134-COPHAR 3 Trial Using Dose Records.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBlood-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) barrier transporters affect the influx and efflux of drugs. The antiretrovirals tenofovir and emtricitabine may be substrates of blood-brain barrier (BBB) and blood-CSF barrier transporters, but data are limited regarding the pharmacogenetics and pharmacokinetics of their central nervous system (CNS) penetration.
objectivesWe investigated genetic polymorphisms associated with CSF disposition of tenofovir and emtricitabine.
methodWe collected paired plasma and CSF samples from 47 HIV-positive black South African adults who were virologically suppressed on efavirenz, tenofovir and emtricitabine. We considered 1846 single-nucleotide polymorphisms from seven relevant transporter genes (
resultsThe geometric mean (95% confidence interval [CI]) values for tenofovir and emtricitabine CSF-to-plasma concentration ratios were 0.023 (0.021-0.026) and 0.528 (0.460-0.605), respectively. In linear regression models, the lowest
conclusionNo genetic polymorphisms were associated with plasma, CSF concentrations or CSF-to-plasma ratios for either tenofovir or emtricitabine.
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Registered trials
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