ReviewInternational journal of women's health2021
Variation of Leptin During Menstrual Cycle and Its Relation to the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal (HPG) Axis: A Systematic Review.
Review in International journal of women's health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effects of positive psychology and physical activity on depression, anxiety, and stress among students with premenstrual syndrome: a single-blind, randomized controlled trial.BMC women's health · 2024Trial
- JAK inhibitors and menstrual cycle alterations: insights from a case series of 16 female patients.Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft = Journal of the German Society of Dermatology : JDDG · 2026Article
- From Systemic Stress to Ovarian Failure: Heat Stress-Induced Infertility in Pigs as a Model for Reproductive Dysfunction.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Association Between Obesity and Serum Leptin Levels in Brazilian Female Shift Workers.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Influence of 8-week endurance training on resting energy expenditure and body composition in women.Physiological reports · 2025Article
- Impact of Menstrual Cycle and Oral Contraceptives on Haematological and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Highly Trained Female Athletes.Drug testing and analysis · 2025Article
- The peri-ovulatory time period in humans is associated with increased taste sensitivity to glucose but not calorie-free sweeteners.Chemical senses · 2025Article
- IMPACT OF REAL-LIFE ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURES ON REPRODUCTION: Systemic and ovarian impacts of heat stress in the porcine model.Reproduction (Cambridge, England) · 2024Review
- The Role of Adipokines between Genders in the Pathogenesis of Osteoarthritis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- The Impact of the Endocrine and Immunological Function of Adipose Tissue on Reproduction in Women with Obesity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Obesity, Dietary Patterns, and Hormonal Balance Modulation: Gender-Specific Impacts.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Heat stress alters the ovarian proteome in prepubertal gilts.Journal of animal science · 2024Article
- Insulin Resistance in Pediatric Obesity: From Mechanisms to Treatment Strategies.Pediatric diabetes · 2024Review
- High estradiol levels during a long agonist IVF protocol are associated with decreased food intake, higher leptin concentrations, and lower levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2023Article
- A Survey of the Menstrual Status of Female College Students.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Ketone Body β-Hydroxy-Butyrate Sustains Progressive Motility in Capacitated Human Spermatozoa: A Possible Role in Natural Fertility.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Peripubertal Alterations of Leptin Levels in Patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Elevated or Normal Body Weight.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Role of Serum Leptin Levels in Women with Primary Subfertility.Archives of Razi Institute · 2022Article
- Variations of Ghrelin and Obestatin Hormones During the Menstrual Cycle of Women of Different BMIs.International journal of women's health · 2022Article
- What Is the Relationship Between Body Mass Index, Sex Hormones, Leptin, and Irisin in Children and Adolescents? A Path Analysis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Recently, adipose tissue has been identified as endocrine organ in addition to its action as energy store; it produces a large number of biologically active mediators known as adipocytokines. Significantly, adipocytokines were found to be involved in the physiology of many body functions, including reproduction. The role of body weight, body fat compositions, and nutrition has been largely investigated using animal models and human studies. Malnutrition and/or abnormal body weight may induce disturbances in fertility, puberty, pregnancy, and menstrual cycles. Leptin was the first discovered adipocytokine, and a large body of data over the last 25 years has shown that leptin is not only a molecule that reflects energy stores in the body, but is also an important cytokine involved in many physiological functions, such as inflammatory response, insulin sensitivity, bone metabolism, immunity, and most importantly, reproductive function. Leptin controls the normal physiology of the female reproductive system; it interacts with the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis by a complex mechanism that connects energy homeostasis with reproduction. However, observational studies have demonstrated inconsistent results about leptin variation during normal menstrual cycle, and the mechanisms involved in the interplay between leptin and the hormones of the HPG axis are largely unknown. This review focuses on leptin variation during normal menstrual cycles and its relation to the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, and the effect of overweight/obesity on leptin during menstrual cycle is further reviewed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.