Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34004388›Full record

SynthesisJournal of sport and health science2021

Exercise attenuates bone mineral density loss during diet-induced weight loss in adults with overweight and obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Jakub Mesinovic, Paul Jansons, Ayse Zengin, Barbora de Courten, Alexander J Rodriguez, Robin M Daly, Peter R Ebeling, David Scott

Open access · diamondAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Journal of sport and health science, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
35citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
6.2field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

35 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 52 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Effect of protein supplementation on hip bone mineral density, cortical thickness, and bone strength in older adult participants during a caloric restriction and aerobic exercise weight loss intervention: a randomized controlled trial.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Jakub MesinovicDepartment of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIA 3168, Australia. Electronic address: Jakub.mesinovic@monash.edu.
Paul JansonsDepartment of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIA 3168, Australia; Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, VIA 2134, Australia.
Ayse ZenginDepartment of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIA 3168, Australia.
Barbora de CourtenDepartment of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIA 3168, Australia.
Alexander J RodriguezDepartment of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIA 3168, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA 6027, Australia.
Robin M DalyInstitute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, VIA 2134, Australia.
Peter R EbelingDepartment of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIA 3168, Australia.
David ScottDepartment of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIA 3168, Australia; Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, VIA 2134, Australia; Department of Medicine and Australian Institute of Musculoskeletal Science, Melbourne Medical School - Western Campus, University of Melbourne, St Albans, VIA 3021, Australia.
Monash University · AUMonash Health · AUDeakin University · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundWeight-loss-induced fat loss improves cardiometabolic health in individuals with overweight and obesity; however, weight loss can also result in bone loss and increased fracture risk. Weight-loss-induced bone loss may be attenuated with exercise. Our aim was to compare changes in bone mineral density (BMD) in adults with overweight and obesity who undertook diet-induced weight loss alone or in combination with exercise.

methodsWe included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in adults with overweight or obesity (aged ≥18 years; body mass index ≥25 kg/m

resultsWe included 9 RCTs. Diet-induced weight loss led to significant losses in femoral neck aBMD (mean change: -1.73% (95%CI: -2.39% to -1.07%), p < 0.001) and total hip aBMD (-2.19% (95%CI: -3.84% to -0.54%), p = 0.009). Femoral neck aBMD losses were significantly greater in the diet-induced weight loss group compared to the exercise plus diet-induced weight loss group (net difference: -0.88% (95%CI: -1.73% to -0.03%)); however, there were no differences in aBMD changes at any other skeletal site: total hip (-1.96% (95%CI: -4.59% to 0.68%)) and lumbar spine (-0.48% (95%CI: -1.81% to 0.86%)). aBMD changes did not differ significantly according to exercise modality (resistance exercise, aerobic exercise, or a combination of the two) during diet-induced weight loss.

conclusionDiet-induced weight loss led to greater femoral neck bone loss compared to diet-induced weight loss plus exercise. Bone loss at the total hip and lumbar spine was not attenuated by exercise during diet-induced weight loss. The lack of consistent skeletal benefits may be due to the insufficient duration and/or training intensities of most exercise interventions. Additional RCTs with appropriate, targeted exercise interventions should be conducted.

Indexed as

Diet, ReducingBone DensityExerciseFemur NeckHumansLumbar VertebraeOverweightRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicWeight LossBone massExerciseObesityOverweightWeight loss

Identifiers

PMID34004388
PMCPMC8500851
OpenAlexW3163284647

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.