ArticleTranslational vision science & technology2021
Corneal Immune Cells Are Increased in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis.
Article in Translational vision science & technology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Oculomics analysis in multiple sclerosis: Current ophthalmic clinical and imaging biomarkers.Eye (London, England) · 2024Review
- Corneal nerve loss and increased Langerhans cells are associated with disease severity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Eye (London, England) · 2023Article
- In vivo corneal confocal microscopy as a non-invasive test to assess obesity induced small fibre nerve damage and inflammation.Eye (London, England) · 2023Observational
- In-vivo corneal confocal microscopy: Imaging analysis, biological insights and future directions.Communications biology · 2023Review
- Diurnal changes and topographical distribution of ocular surface epithelial dendritic cells in humans, and repeatability of density and morphology assessment.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2023Article
- Corneal immune cells as a biomarker of inflammation in multiple sclerosis: a longitudinal study.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2023Article
- Neuroimaging to monitor worsening of multiple sclerosis: advances supported by the grant for multiple sclerosis innovation.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Review
- Corneal Langerhans cells in children with celiac disease.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Segmentation and Evaluation of Corneal Nerves and Dendritic Cells From In Vivo Confocal Microscopy Images Using Deep Learning.Translational vision science & technology · 2022Article
- Defining an Optimal Sample Size for Corneal Epithelial Immune Cell Analysis UsingFrontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- Subclinical Corneal Nerve Fiber Damage and Immune Cell Activation in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Corneal Confocal Microscopy Study.Translational vision science & technology · 2021Article
- Corneal confocal microscopy demonstrates axonal loss in different courses of multiple sclerosis.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Corneal Confocal Microscopy to Image Small Nerve Fiber Degeneration: Ophthalmology Meets Neurology.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose: Corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) is an ophthalmic imaging technique that has been used to identify increased corneal immune cells in patients with immune-mediated peripheral neuropathy. Given that multiple sclerosis has an immune-mediated etiology, we have compared corneal immune cell (IC) density and near-nerve distance in different subtypes of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) to controls. Methods: This is a blinded, cross-sectional study conducted at a tertiary hospital. Patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) (n = 9), relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) (n = 43), secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) (n = 22), and control subjects (n = 20) underwent CCM. The total, mature, and immature corneal IC density and their nearest nerve distance were quantified. Results: The total IC density was higher in patients with MS (P = 0.02), RRMS (P = 0.01), and SPMS (P = 0.04) but not CIS (P = 0.99) compared to controls. Immature IC density was higher in patients with MS (P = 0.03) and RRMS (P = 0.02) but not SPMS (P = 0.10) or CIS (P = 0.99) compared to controls. Mature IC density (P = 0.15) did not differ between patients with MS and controls. The immature IC near-nerve distance was significantly greater in patients with MS (P = 0.001), RRMS (P = 0.007), and SPMS (P = 0.002) compared to controls. Immature IC density correlated with the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (r = -0.281, P = 0.02) and near-nerve distance correlated with the Expanded Disability Status Scale (r = 0.289, P = 0.005). Conclusions: In vivo CCM demonstrates an increase in immature IC density and the near-nerve distance in patients with MS. These observations merit further studies to assess the utility of CCM in assessing neuroimmune alterations in MS. Translational Relevance: Multiple sclerosis is an immune-mediated neurodegenerative disease. Dendritic cells mediate communication between the innate and adaptive immune systems. We have used in vivo CCM to show increased corneal ICs and suggest it may act as an imaging biomarker for disease status in patients with MS.
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