Observational studyClinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society2021
Sex disparities and adverse cardiovascular and kidney outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease: results from the KNOW-CKD.
Observational study in Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Chronic kidney disease and cardiac remodeling potentiate cognitive impairment progression: disentangling the sex-specific cross talk of kidney-heart-brain axis.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2026Article
- Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Diseases and Vascular Function in Chronic Kidney Disease.Cardiology clinics · 2025Review
- The role of sex differences in cardiovascular, metabolic, and immune functions in health and disease: a review for "Sex Differences in Health Awareness Day".Biology of sex differences · 2025Review
- Article
- Sex disparities in mortality and cardiovascular outcomes in chronic kidney disease.Clinical kidney journal · 2024Review
- Differences in the epidemiology, management and outcomes of kidney disease in men and women.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2024Review
- The impact of gender on the risk of cardiovascular events in older adults with advanced chronic kidney disease.Clinical kidney journal · 2023Article
- Are there sex differences in cardiovascular outcomes in non-dialysis CKD patients?Clinical kidney journal · 2023Article
- Comparing predictions among competing risks models with rare events: application to KNOW-CKD atudy-a multicentre cohort study of chronic kidney disease.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Article
- No sex differences in the incidence, risk factors and clinical impact of acute kidney injury in critically ill patients with sepsis.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Association of Body Weight Variability With Progression of Coronary Artery Calcification in Patients With Predialysis Chronic Kidney Disease.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2021Article
- Association of High Serum Adiponectin Level With Adverse Cardiovascular Outcomes and Progression of Coronary Artery Calcification in Patients With Pre-dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors.
Funding
Abstract
aimsLongitudinal studies of the association between sex and adverse clinical outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are scarce. We assessed whether major outcomes may differ by sex among CKD patients.
methodsWe analyzed a total of 1780 participants with non-dialysis CKD G1-5 from the KoreaN cohort study for Outcome in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (KNOW-CKD). The primary outcome was a composite of non-fatal cardiovascular events or all-cause mortality. Secondary outcomes included fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events, all-cause mortality, and a composite kidney outcome of ≥ 50% decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate from baseline or the onset of end-stage kidney disease.
resultsThere were 1088 (61%) men and 692 (39%) women in the study cohort. The proportion of smokers was significantly higher in men (24% vs. 3%). During 8430 person-years of follow-up, 201 primary outcome events occurred: 144 (13%) in men and 57 (8%) in women, with corresponding incidence rates of 2.9 and 1.7 per 100 person-years, respectively. In multivariable Cox models, men were associated with a 1.58-fold (95% CI 1.06-2.35) higher risk of composite outcome. Propensity score matching analysis revealed similar findings (HR 1.81; 95% CI 1.14-2.91). Risk of all-cause mortality was significantly higher in men of the matched cohort. However, there was no difference in the risk of CKD progression. In the subgroup with coronary artery calcium (CAC) measurements, men had a higher likelihood of CAC progression.
conclusionsIn Korean CKD patients, men were more likely to experience adverse cardiovascular events and death than women.
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Registered trials
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