Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34002009›Full record

ArticleModern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc2021

PD-L1 expression in gastric cancer: interchangeability of 22C3 and 28-8 pharmDx assays for responses to immunotherapy.

Soomin Ahn, Kyoung-Mee Kim

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In one paragraph

Article in Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 62 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
62citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
6.2field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

62 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 89 citations in OpenAlex.

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  5. Real-world characterization of PD-L1 expression in patients with advanced esophagogastric adenocarcinoma in Spain.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026
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  15. Biomarkers in gastroesophageal cancer 2025: an updated consensus statement by the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology (SEOM) and the Spanish Society of Pathology (SEAP).Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025
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2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Soomin AhnDepartment of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Kyoung-Mee KimDepartment of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. kkmkys@skku.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-1162-9205
Samsung Medical Center · KR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Recent clinical trials have shown the promising therapeutic effects of pembrolizumab and nivolumab in patients with advanced gastric cancer. Currently, the programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) 22C3 pharmDx assay is the only companion diagnostic assay for assessing the safety and effectiveness of pembrolizumab. The purpose of this study was to compare 22C3 pharmDx and 28-8 pharmDx, a complementary diagnostic assay for nivolumab, in gastric cancer. In this study, 22C3 and 28-8 pharmDx assays were performed on the same formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue blocks of gastric adenocarcinoma clinical samples (n = 55). The concordance rate was evaluated using combined positive score (CPS) cutoffs of 1, 10, and 50. PD-L1 positivity with CPS ≥ 1 was 45.5% using the 22C3 pharmDx assay and 49.1% using the 28-8 pharmDx assay. At a CPS cutoff of 1, the overall percentage agreement was 96.4%. The positive and negative percentage agreements were 93.3% and 100%, respectively. All cases positive for PD-L1 using the 22C3 pharmDx assay were also positive using the 28-8 pharmDx assay. At a CPS cutoff of 10, the overall percentage agreement was 96.4%. At a CPS cutoff of 50, the two assays exhibited 100% concordance. Nonspecific cytoplasmic staining in the background tissues and tumor cells was often observed in the 28-8 pharmDx assay. When the results of the two assays were matched for response to immunotherapy, the overall response rate was higher in patients with a PD-L1 CPS ≥ 1 than in PD-L1-negative patients (22C3 pharmDx, P = 0.001; 28-8 pharmDx, P = 0.002). In conclusion, PD-L1 22C3 and 28-8 pharmDx assays were highly comparable at CPS cutoffs of 1, 10, and 50 in gastric cancer. These results provide evidence for the potential interchangeability of the two PD-L1 assays in gastric cancer.

Indexed as

AdultAgedAntibodies, Monoclonal, HumanizedAntineoplastic Agents, ImmunologicalB7-H1 AntigenBiomarkers, TumorFemaleHumansImmunohistochemistryImmunotherapyMaleMiddle AgedNivolumabReproducibility of ResultsStomach NeoplasmsAntibodies, Monoclonal, HumanizedAntineoplastic Agents, ImmunologicalB7-H1 AntigenBiomarkers, TumorCD274 protein, humanNivolumabpembrolizumab

Identifiers

PMID34002009
OpenAlexW3160377948

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.