Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34001641›Full record

ArticlePediatrics2021

Socioeconomic Disadvantage and the Pace of Biological Aging in Children.

Laurel Raffington, Daniel W Belsky, Meeraj Kothari, Margherita Malanchini, Elliot M Tucker-Drob, K Paige Harden

Open access · greenAbstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Pediatrics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 83 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
83citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
8.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

83 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 131 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Trial
  4. Trial
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Telomere length as a marker of biological age in paediatric multiple sclerosis.Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry · 2026
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Negative social ties as emerging risk factors for accelerated aging, inflammation, and multimorbidity.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Epigenetic regulation of brain development, plasticity, and response to early-life stress.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

23 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Laurel RaffingtonDepartment of Psychology and laurel.raffington@austin.utexas.edu.
Daniel W BelskyDepartment of Epidemiology and.
Meeraj KothariThe Robert N. Butler Columbia Aging Center, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York; and.
Margherita MalanchiniDepartment of Psychology and.
Elliot M Tucker-DrobDepartment of Psychology and.
K Paige HardenDepartment of Psychology and.
The University of Texas at Austin · USColumbia University · US

Funding

Population Research CenterR24HD042849 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AUSTIN · PI HAYWARD, MARK D. · 2002 to 2016
$8.4M
Genetic analysis of the Dutch Hunger Winter Families Study to Boost Rigor and Robustness for Testing In-Utero Famine Effects on Aging-Related Health Conditions and Biological AgingR01AG066887 · NIA · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI BELSKY, DANIEL WALKER, LUMEY, L H · 2020 to 2024
$3.5M
Cortisol, Socioeconomic Status, and Genetic Influences on Cognitive DevelopmentR01HD083613 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN · PI TUCKER-DROB, ELLIOT MAX · 2016 to 2020
$3.0M
Environmental, Genetic, and Epigenetic Mechanisms for Hormonal ChangeR01HD092548 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN · PI HARDEN, KATHRYN PAIGE · 2019 to 2023
$3.0M
Long-term multi-omics follow-up of the CALERIE Trial to generate new knowledge for geroscienceR01AG061378 · NIA · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI Daniel Walker Belsky · 2019 to 2026
$2.9M
Prenatal Under Nutrition and Mortality Through Age 63 ProjectR01AG028593 · NIA · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI LUMEY, L H · 2008 to 2016
$2.7M
Prenatally induced DNA methylation profiles and disease risk at age 60R01AG042190 · NIA · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI LUMEY, L H · 2011 to 2013
$989k
NIA NIH HHS R01 AG028593NIA NIH HHS R01 AG042190NIA NIH HHS R01 AG061378NIA NIH HHS R01 AG066887NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD083613NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD092548NICHD NIH HHS R24 HD042849
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

objectivesChildren who grow up in socioeconomic disadvantage face increased burden of disease and disability throughout their lives. One hypothesized mechanism for this increased burden is that early-life disadvantage accelerates biological processes of aging, increasing vulnerability to subsequent disease. To evaluate this hypothesis and the potential impact of preventive interventions, measures are needed that can quantify early acceleration of biological aging in childhood.

methodsSaliva DNA methylation and socioeconomic circumstances were measured in

resultsChildren living in more disadvantaged families and neighborhoods exhibited a faster DunedinPoAm-measured pace of aging (

conclusionsChildren growing up under conditions of socioeconomic disadvantage exhibit a faster pace of biological aging. DNA methylation pace of aging might be useful as a surrogate end point in evaluation of programs and policies to address the childhood social determinants of lifelong health disparities.

Indexed as

DNA MethylationVulnerable PopulationsAdolescentAgingChildDNAFemaleHumansMaleSalivaSocioeconomic FactorsTime FactorsDNA

Identifiers

PMID34001641
PMCPMC8785753
OpenAlexW3162861464

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.