Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34001164›Full record

ArticleSubstance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy2021

HIV testing and its associated factors among street-based female sex workers in Iran: results of a national rapid assessment and response survey.

Sina Ahmadi, Mehrdad Khezri, Payam Roshanfekr, Salah Eddin Karimi, Meroe Vameghi, Delaram Ali, Elahe Ahounbar, Mehdi Noroozi, Mostafa Shokoohi

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
3.0field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Sina AhmadiSocial Welfare Management Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation, Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Mehrdad KhezriHIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Payam RoshanfekrSocial Welfare Management Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation, Sciences, Tehran, Iran. roshanfekr.payam@gmail.com.ORCID 0000-0002-2119-9093
Salah Eddin KarimiSocial Determinants of Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Meroe VameghiSocial Welfare Management Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation, Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Delaram AliSocial Welfare Management Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation, Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Elahe AhounbarSubstance Abuse and Dependence Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Mehdi NorooziSocial Determinants of Health Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Mostafa ShokoohiHIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences · IRKerman University of Medical Sciences · IRTabriz University of Medical Sciences · IRUniversity of Toronto · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundFemale sex workers (FSWs) are at a disproportionate risk of sexually transmitted infections and they may face significant barriers to HIV testing. This study aimed to examine HIV testing prevalence and its associated factors among street-based FSWs in Iran.

methodA total of 898 FSWs were recruited from 414 venues across 19 major cities in Iran between October 2016 and March 2017. Eligible FSWs were women aged 18 years of age who had at least one commercial sexual intercourse in the previous year. HIV testing was defined as having tested for HIV in the lifetime. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression were used to examine the correlates of HIV testing. We report adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI).

resultOverall, 57.8% (95%CI: 20.0, 88.0) of participants reported having tested for HIV, and HIV prevalence among FSWs who tested for HIV was 10.3% (95%CI: 7.5, 13.0). The multivariable model showed that unstable housing (aOR: 8.86, 95%CI: 2.68, 29.32) and drug use (aOR: 3.47, 95%CI: 1.33, 9.06) were associated with increased likelihood of HIV testing. However, FSWs with a higher level of income were less likely to be tested for HIV (aOR: 0.09, 95%CI: 0.02, 0.43).

conclusionAlmost one in ten street-based FSWs had never tested for HIV. These findings suggest the need for evidence-based strategies such as outreach support and HIV self-testing to improve HIV testing in this marginalized population.

Indexed as

HIV InfectionsSexually Transmitted DiseasesSex WorkersFemaleHIV TestingHumansIranPrevalenceRisk FactorsDrug useFemale sex workersHIV testingIran

Identifiers

PMID34001164
PMCPMC8130331
OpenAlexW3163474051

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.