Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34001161›Full record

ArticleJournal of nanobiotechnology2021

Hierarchical drug release designed Au @PDA-PEG-MTX NPs for targeted delivery to breast cancer with combined photothermal-chemotherapy.

Wen Li, Zhiwen Cao, Liuchunyang Yu, Qingcai Huang, Dongjie Zhu, Cheng Lu, Aiping Lu, Yuanyan Liu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of nanobiotechnology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Antimicrobial Effect of Silver Nanoparticles Capped withNanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Hollow CuInternational journal of nanomedicine · 2026
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Wen LiSchool of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
Zhiwen CaoSchool of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
Liuchunyang YuSchool of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
Qingcai HuangSchool of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
Dongjie ZhuSchool of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
Cheng LuInstitute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China. lv_cheng0816@163.com.
Aiping LuSchool of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hongkong, China. lap64067611@126.com.
Yuanyan LiuSchool of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China. yyliu_1980@163.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3840-5292

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer with a low survival rate and one of the major causes of cancer-related death. Methotrexate (MTX) is an anti-tumor drug used in the treatment of BC. Poor dispersion in water and toxic side effects limit its clinical application. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), owing to their specific structures and unique biological and physiochemical properties, have emerged as potential vehicles for tumor targeting, bioimaging and cancer therapy. An innovative nano drug-loading system (Au @PDA-PEG-MTX NPs) was prepared for targeted treatment of BC. Au @PDA-PEG-MTX NPs under near infra-red region (NIR) irradiation showed effective photothermal therapy against MDA-MB-231 human BC cells growth in vitro by inducing apoptosis through triggering reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction and generating excessive heat. In vivo studies revealed deep penetration ability of Au @PDA-PEG-MTX NPs under NIR irradiation to find application in cancer-targeted fluorescence imaging, and exhibited effective photothermal therapy against BC xenograft growth by inducing apoptosis. Histopathological analysis, cellular uptake, cytotoxicity assay, and apoptosis experiments indicated that Au @PDA-PEG-MTX NPs possessed a good therapeutic effect with high biocompatibility and fewer side effects. This Au NPs drug-loading system achieved specific targeting of MTX to BC cells by surface functionalisation, fluorescence imaging under laser irradiation, combined photothermal-chemotherapy, and pH- and NIR- triggered hierarchical drug release.

Indexed as

Drug LiberationAnimalsAntineoplastic AgentsApoptosisBreast NeoplasmsCell DeathCell Line, TumorFemaleGoldHumansMetal NanoparticlesMethotrexateMiceMice, Inbred BALB CPhotothermal TherapyXenograft Model Antitumor AssaysAntineoplastic AgentsGoldMethotrexateAu @PDA-PEG-MTX NPsBreast cancer targeted therapyCombined photothermal-chemotherapyFluorescence imagingHierarchical drug release

Identifiers

PMID34001161
PMCPMC8130275

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.