ArticleJournal of athletic training2021
Association Between Pain Catastrophizing and Pain and Cardiovascular Changes During a Cold-Pressor Test in Athletes.
Article in Journal of athletic training, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pain Sensitivity, Pain Catastrophizing and Fear-Avoidance in Adult Runners: Injured vs. Uninjured Comparisons and Multivariable Associations.European journal of pain (London, England) · 2026Article
- Heart Rate Variability Mediates the Association Between Fear of Pain and Pain Perception: An Exploratory Study in Healthy Controls.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Paraspinal Muscle Fatty Infiltration as a Predictor of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration and Pain Severity in Chronic Low Back Pain.Pain research & management · 2026Article
- The associations between cardiovascular and pain responses to a cold pressor test differ between males and females.European journal of applied physiology · 2025Article
- Water temperature and biological sex influence cold pressor pain in healthy adults: a randomized within-subjects trial.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Article
- Heartfelt choices: The influence of cardiac phase on free-choice actions.Psychophysiology · 2024Article
- Response to experimental cold-induced pain discloses a resistant category among endurance athletes, with a distinct profile of pain-related behavior and GABAergic EEG markers: a case-control preliminary study.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- Factors affecting the prevalence, severity, and characteristics of ocular surface pain.Expert review of ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Perceived Pain in Athletes: A Comparison between Endurance Runners and Powerlifters through a Cold Experimental Stimulation and Two Sessions of Various Physical Activation.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Both Gender and Agonistic Experience Affect Perceived Pain during the Cold Pressor Test.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Inter-subject variability of pleasant pain relief using a data-driven approach in healthy volunteers.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
contextAthletes are often exposed to pain due to injury and competition. Using preliminary evidence, researchers have shown that cardiovascular measures could be an objective measure of pain, but the cardiovascular response can be influenced by psychological factors, such as catastrophizing.
objectiveTo use a painful cold-pressor test (CPT) to measure the relationship among catastrophizing, pain, and cardiovascular variables in athletes.
designCohort study.
settingLaboratory. PATIENTS OR OTHER
participantsA total of 36 male rugby athletes (age = 24.0 ± 4.6 years, height = 180.0 ± 6.1 cm, mass = 90.5 ± 13.8 kg). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): We measured catastrophizing using the Pain Catastrophizing Scale and pain using a numeric pain rating scale. Cardiovascular measures were heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and heart rate variability.
resultsDuring the CPT, participants experienced increases in pain (from 0 to 4.1 ± 2.2), systolic blood pressure (from 126.7 ± 16.5 to 149.7 ± 23.4 mm Hg), diastolic blood pressure (from 76.9 ± 8.3 to 91.9 ± 11.5 mm Hg), and heart rate variability (from 0.0164 ± 0.0121 to 0.0400 ± 0.0323 milliseconds; all P values < .001). In addition, we observed a decrease in heart rate after the CPT (P = .04). We found a correlation between athletes' pain catastrophizing and both pain intensity and change in heart rate during the CPT (P = .02 and P = .003, respectively). Linear regression indicated that pain and catastrophizing explained 29% of the variance in the change in heart rate (P = .003).
conclusionsAthletes who had catastrophizing thoughts were more likely to experience higher levels of pain and a greater cardiovascular response during a painful stimulus. The change in cardiovascular variables may be a good objective measure of pain in athletes in the future.
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