Legalizing Medical Cannabis in Lebanon: the Complex Interface Between Medicine, Law, Ethics, and Economics.

In April 2020, after decades of discussions and controversy, the Lebanese parliament voted a law legalizing the cultivation, production, and sale of cannabis for medicinal purposes. Although the law leaves several unanswered questions and awaits implementation, the symbolic nature of this step in recognizing a positive role of cannabis in the local economy is significant on a regional level. The Arab world has traditionally been conservative when it comes to all drugs-related policies. Cannabis is largely demonized with heavy sentences served to anyone suspected of using selling, let alone planting cannabis. Despite a few countries considered producers and consumers of substances, governing authorities have remained immune to the liberalization trend encountered in western countries. The social experiment taking place in Lebanon is fraught with risks, given the unstable political situation and chronic economic challenges. The reactions to the law have been mixed with several scientific bodies such as the Lebanese Psychiatric Society criticizing the absence of proper consultation of stakeholders. The absence of consistency in enforcing established drugs policies or seriously debating the decriminalization of cannabis use raises concerns over the establishment of a two-tier approach toward drugs, driven solely by economic imperatives.