Trial reportEarly intervention in psychiatry2022
Relationships between early age at onset of psychotic symptoms and treatment resistant schizophrenia.
Trial report in Early intervention in psychiatry, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Knowledge domain and trends in treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) research based on CiteSpace bibliometrics analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Pooled it
- Relationships between early age at onset of psychotic symptoms and treatment resistant schizophrenia.Early intervention in psychiatry · 2022Trial
- Heterogeneity of composite inflammatory markers in acute schizophrenia: stratification by age, gender, and age at onset.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Article
- Ultrastructural disturbances of pericapillary microglia, perioligodendrocyte microglia, oligodendrocytes and their interactions in postmortem caudate nucleus in schizophrenia.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Article
- Identification of hub genes involved in early-onset schizophrenia: from genetic susceptibility to predicted regulated gene expression.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Dysregulated miRNAs and downstream gene expression associated with poor treatment response in first-episode psychosis.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- DNA methylation signatures associated with early-onset schizophrenia in Chinese patients.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- Article
- Decreased levels of platelet-derived growth factor subtypes and superoxide dismutase isoenzymes in early-onset schizophrenia.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Molecular Underpinning of Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia: A Putative Different Neurobiology from Treatment-Responsive Schizophrenia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- N-Methyl-d-Aspartate Receptor Antibody and Sensory Gating Deficits in Non-smoking, Minimal Antipsychotic Medication Exposure, and First-Episode Patients With Schizophrenia.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2025Article
- The association of age of onset on suicide attempts in patients with chronic schizophrenia: a cross-sectional study.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Identification of Hub Genes Involved in Early-onset Schizophrenia: From Genetic Susceptibility to Predicted Regulated Gene Expression.Research square · 2025Article
- A hybrid model for predicting response to risperidone after first-episode psychosis.Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999) · 2025Article
- The neurodevelopmental regulatory role and clinical value of hsa-circ-CORO1C-hsa-miR-708-3p-JARID2 + LNPEP axis in early-onset schizophrenia.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- History of learning disorders is associated with worse cognitive and functional outcomes in schizophrenia: results from the multicentric FACE-SZ cross-sectional dataset.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2023Article
- Inflammatory markers of symptomatic remission at 6 months in patients with first-episode schizophrenia.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2023Article
- Lost in Translation: Challenges in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Early-Onset Schizophrenia.Cureus · 2023Review
- Altered Patterns of Brain Glucose Metabolism Involve More Extensive and Discrete Cortical Areas in Treatment-resistant Schizophrenia Patients Compared to Responder Patients and Controls: Results From a Head-to-Head 2-[18F]-FDG-PET Study.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2023Article
- Antipsychotics-Induced Changes in Synaptic Architecture and Functional Connectivity: Translational Implications for Treatment Response and Resistance.Biomedicines · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimEarly age at schizophrenia onset (EOS) has been associated with a worse clinical course, although previous studies reported substantial heterogeneity. Despite the relevance of the subject, the relationship between the age of onset and treatment resistant schizophrenia (TRS) is less clear.
methodsWe screened 197 non-affective psychotic patients. Of these, 99 suffered from schizophrenia and were putative TRS and were included in a prospective 4-to-8-week trial to assess their response to antipsychotics. According to status (TRS/nonTRS) and age-at-onset (early: ≤18 years, EOS; adult: >18 years, adult onset schizophrenia [AOS]) patients were subdivided in EOS-TRS, EOS-nonTRS, AOS-TRS, AOS-nonTRS. Multiple clinical variables were measured and compared by analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), using age as a covariate. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to assess whether significant differences were attributable to TRS status or age-at-onset.
resultsThe rate of TRS patients was significantly higher in EOS compared to AOS. At the ANCOVA, EOS-TRS had significantly worse clinical, cognitive, and psychosocial outcomes compared to the other groups. Overall, EOS-TRS were more impaired than EOS-nonTRS, while significant differences with AOS-TRS were less consistent, albeit appreciable. Two-way ANOVA demonstrated that, in the majority of the investigated variables, the significant differences among groups were attributable to the TRS status effect rather than to age-at-onset or combined effects.
conclusionsThese results suggest that refractoriness to antipsychotics may be strongly linked to the early onset of psychotic symptoms, possibly as a result of common neurobiology.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.