ArticleHeliyon2021
Environmental risk factors associated with respiratory diseases in children with socioeconomic disadvantage.
Article in Heliyon, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Factors associated with wheezing in Indigenous children and adolescents: A systematic review of the global literature.PloS one · 2026Pooled it
- Global Insights into Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Coronary Artery Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 6,400,000 Patients.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Differences in socio-demographic and environmental exposures at home vs. school in the ECHO cohort.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2026Article
- Exploring Social Determinants of Health in Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia.Pediatric pulmonology · 2026Article
- Air Pollution Exposure, Prefrontal Connectivity, and Emotional Behavior in Early Adolescence.Research report (Health Effects Institute) · 2025Article
- Quantifying the effect of air pollution and temperature on hospitalization costs for chronic lower respiratory diseases.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Acute Respiratory Tract Infections in Pediatric Populations of Slum Areas: Navigating Challenges and Dynamics of Immune Responses.Current pediatric reviews · 2025Review
- Pre-COVID era pediatric disease incidence in Kazakhstan: regional panel data analysis of multiple disease groups (2010-2019).Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Global change, climate change, and asthma in children: Direct and indirect effects - A WAO Pediatric Asthma Committee Report.The World Allergy Organization journal · 2024Review
- Environmental Factors Influencing the Dynamics and Evolution of COVID-19: A Systematic Review on the Study of Short-Term Ozone Exposure.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Indoor Bacterial and Fungal Burden in "Moldy" versus "Non-Moldy" Homes: A Case Study Employing Advanced Sequencing Techniques in a US Metropolitan Area.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Mapping the risk of respiratory infections using suburban district areas in a large city in Colombia.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Article
- Air pollution in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan: Driving factors and state response.Public health challenges · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Children are more vulnerable to environmental exposures determinant of respiratory diseases due to their dynamic developmental physiology. Whereas social determinants of health are also associated with a higher risk of these diseases in children exposed to environmental risk factors, most studies incorporate them as covariates in the statistical analysis rather than focusing on specific vulnerable populations. In this study a systematic review searched and selected studies of respiratory diseases in children with socioeconomic disadvantage to identify the environmental risk factors associated with these diseases. The review followed the PRISMA protocol to identify eleven eligible studies of children with socioeconomic conditions that included low income and low socioeconomic status, overcrowding, adults with low education level and Indigenous status. Infectious respiratory diseases, asthma, rhinitis and mortality due to respiratory diseases were associated with risk factors such as biomass fuel use, tobacco smoking, particulate matter, coal dust and other pollutants including ozone, nitrogen dioxide and sulphur dioxide. The most common associations were between respiratory infections and household air pollution and asthma with indoor and outdoor air pollution. The findings support previous reports on these associations and suggest that specific vulnerabilities such as indigenous children and living with adults with low socioeconomic status and education level increase the risk of respiratory diseases. These populations can be given special attention to prioritize public health interventions to lower the burden of disease of respiratory diseases in children.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.