ArticleOsteoporosis and sarcopenia2021
The effect of different measurement modalities in the association of lean mass with mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Article in Osteoporosis and sarcopenia, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association Between Fat-Free Mass and Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2026Pooled it
- Low lean mass and all-cause mortality risk in the middle-aged and older population: a dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Pooled it
- The Effects of Sarcopenia on Hip and Knee Replacement Surgery: A Systematic Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Pooled it
- Musculoskeletal characteristics in older adults with overweight or obesity: INVEST in Bone Health trial baseline analysis.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2025Trial
- Holiday Weight Change in a US College Student Sample: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study.Obesity science & practice · 2025Article
- Questioning the kidney-protective effects of tolvaptan: a testable hypothesis to revisit the current narrative.Open research Europe · 2025Article
- Addressing the Main Barrier to Sarcopenia Identification: Utility of Practical Office-Based Bioimpedance Tools Vs. Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) Body Composition for Identification of Low Muscle Mass in Older Adults.Canadian geriatrics journal : CGJ · 2023Article
- Brain alterations associated with overweight evaluated by body mass index or body fat index in an elderly population: the PROOF study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Prevalence of sarcopenia in women at stable weight phase after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.Archives of endocrinology and metabolism · 2022Observational
- South Asian Working Action Group on SARCOpenia (SWAG-SARCO) - A consensus document.Osteoporosis and sarcopenia · 2022Review
- Osteosarcopenia-The Role of Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) in Diagnostics.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Summary of the special issue of the meta-analyses of lean mass with mortality in multiple perspectives.Osteoporosis and sarcopenia · 2021Review
- Ultrasonography for Assessment of Sarcopenia: A Primer.Journal of mid-life healthReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesLean mass is commonly measured by 3 modalities, dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), and computerized tomography (CT). CT is considered the most accurate, while lean mass measured by DXA and BIA often consists of non-muscle compartment, and hence considered less accurate when compared with CT. It remains unclear if the association of lean mass with mortality would differ using different measurement modalities.
methodsA systematic review and meta-analysis of lean mass and mortality was conducted. The analysis was stratified by different measurement modalities and health conditions. Pooled hazard ratios were estimated using a random effects model.
resultsThis meta-analysis included 188 studies with 98 468 participants. Reduced lean mass measured by BIA, DXA, and CT, was associated with increased risk of mortality with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.35 (95% CI, 1.21-1.49), 1.18 (95% CI, 1.06-1.30), and 1.44 (95% CI, 1.32-1.57), respectively. Similarly, low lean mass defined by BIA-, DXA-, and CT-measurement was associated with increased risk of mortality, with an HR of 1.81 (95% CI, 1.56-2.10), 1.44 (95% CI, 1.29-1.60), and 1.78 (95% CI, 1.64-1.93).
conclusionsReduced and low lean mass were robustly associated with increased mortality in studies using different measurement modalities.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.