ArticleCureus2021
BCG Scar Local Skin Inflammation as a Novel Reaction Following mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines in Two International Healthcare Workers.
Article in Cureus, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global prevalence and clinical manifestations of cutaneous adverse reactions following COVID-19 vaccination: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV · 2022Pooled it
- Cutaneous adverse reactions of COVID-19 vaccines: A systematic review.Dermatologic therapy · 2022Pooled it
- Unique Features and Collateral Immune Effects of mRNA-LNP COVID-19 Vaccines: Plausible Mechanisms of Adverse Events and Complications.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- mRNA-LNP COVID-19 Vaccine Lipids Induce Complement Activation and Production of Proinflammatory Cytokines: Mechanisms, Effects of Complement Inhibitors, and Relevance to Adverse Reactions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Transient inflammation in surgical scars following Covid-19 mRNA vaccination.Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV · 2022Article
- Cutaneous Complications of mRNA and AZD1222 COVID-19 Vaccines: A Worldwide Review.Microorganisms · 2022Review
- Cutaneous and hypersensitivity reactions associated with COVID-19 vaccination-a narrative review.Wiener medizinische Wochenschrift (1946) · 2022Review
- Erythema Migrans-like COVID Vaccine Arm: A Literature Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Cutaneous findings following COVID-19 vaccination: review of world literature and own experience.Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV · 2022Review
- No Differences in Wound Healing and Scar Formation Were Observed in Patients With Different COVID-19 Vaccination Intervals.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Erythema and Induration of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Scar Associated With Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children in Japan: A Case Report.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Vaccination Cutaneous Manifestations for the Inpatient Dermatologist.Current dermatology reports · 2022Review
- Reactivation of BCG vaccination scars after vaccination with mRNA-Covid-vaccines: two case reports.BMC infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Cutaneous Adverse Reactions Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- Article
- Cutaneous Adverse Reactions to COVID-19 Vaccines: Insights from an Immuno-Dermatological Perspective.Vaccines · 2021Review
- Bacillus Calmette-Guérin scar flare after an mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2021Article
- Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) Site Reaction after Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) mRNA Vaccination.Indian journal of dermatologyArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) local scar inflammatory reactions have been mostly associated with Kawasaki disease in children and less commonly with other viral infections (i.e., measles). BCG scar inflammation associated with or following vaccine administration has only been reported with the influenza vaccine. We describe the first reports in the literature of local BCG inflammation following two different available messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (anti-SARS-CoV-2) vaccines (mRNA-1273, and BNT162b2) in two young healthy physicians, one from Costa Rica, and another from the United States of America, with normal cell blood counts, flow cytometries, and negative for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In both cases, BCG scar inflammation appeared after 24 hours of vaccination of the second dose, without signs of reaction on the injection site, and resolved within four days. Dermoscopic findings in one case showed arborizing and comma-shaped vessels. Pharmacovigilance surveillance of BCG scar reactions following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines should be considered particularly in countries where BCG is part of their national immunization programs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.