ReviewFrontiers in pharmacology2021
CNS-Draining Meningeal Lymphatic Vasculature: Roles, Conundrums and Future Challenges.
Review in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Therapeutic Modulation of Meningeal Lymphatics: A Systematic Review of Preclinical Evidence Across Neurological Disorders.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2025Pooled it
- Effect of Probiotic Bifidobacterium breve in Improving Cognitive Function and Preventing Brain Atrophy in Older Patients with Suspected Mild Cognitive Impairment: Results of a 24-Week Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2022Trial
- Article
- Mapping Lymphatic Drainage from the Human Brain to the Head and Neck: Potential Surgical Implications for Dementia.Archives of plastic surgery · 2026Article
- The Role of Gut Microbiota-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Post-Anesthesia Neuroinflammation and Cognitive Impairment.Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society · 2026Review
- [Research progress on vascular endothelial growth factor C in meningeal lymphatic vessel-mediated clearance of amyloid β-protein].Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences · 2026Review
- The Glymphatic System and Meningeal Lymphatics: Current Understandings and Future Perspectives.MedComm · 2026Review
- Beyond immune privilege: the brain as a dynamic immunological interface.Cell death & disease · 2026Review
- Possible Impact of Lymphatic Drainage on Brain Injury After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Resolving inflammation: The impact of antiretroviral therapy on macrophage traffic in and out of the CNS.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- SPIONActa neuropathologica communications · 2025Article
- Noradrenergic Slow Vasomotion: The Hidden Fluid Pump Linking Sleep, Brain Clearance, and Dementia Pathogenesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Article
- Advances in Molecular Imaging of VEGFRs: Innovations in Imaging and Therapeutics.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Long-term physical exercise facilitates putative glymphatic and meningeal lymphatic vessel flow in humans.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Brain alterations and neurologic disorder progression induced by lymphatic dysfunction in the head and neck region.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2025Article
- IQGAP2 regulates blood-brain barrier immune dynamics.iScience · 2025Article
- Unvalidated efficacy and significant risks hinder clinical use of deep cervical lymphatic-venous anastomosis for Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Review
- Antidepressant-like Effects ofPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Meningeal lymphatic function promotes oligodendrocyte survival and brain myelination.Immunity · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A genuine and functional lymphatic vascular system is found in the meninges that sheath the central nervous system (CNS). This unexpected (re)discovery led to a reevaluation of CNS fluid and solute drainage mechanisms, neuroimmune interactions and the involvement of meningeal lymphatics in the initiation and progression of neurological disorders. In this manuscript, we provide an overview of the development, morphology and unique functional features of meningeal lymphatics. An outline of the different factors that affect meningeal lymphatic function, such as growth factor signaling and aging, and their impact on the continuous drainage of brain-derived molecules and meningeal immune cells into the cervical lymph nodes is also provided. We also highlight the most recent discoveries about the roles of the CNS-draining lymphatic vasculature in different pathologies that have a strong neuroinflammatory component, including brain trauma, tumors, and aging-associated neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. Lastly, we provide a critical appraisal of the conundrums, challenges and exciting questions involving the meningeal lymphatic system that ought to be investigated in years to come.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.