Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33994846›Full record

ArticleSoft computing2023

Evolving deep convolutional neutral network by hybrid sine-cosine and extreme learning machine for real-time COVID19 diagnosis from X-ray images.

Chao Wu, Mohammad Khishe, Mokhtar Mohammadi, Sarkhel H Taher Karim, Tarik A Rashid

RetractedAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Soft computing, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed.

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  7. Fitness dependent optimizer with neural networks for COVID-19 patients.Computer methods and programs in biomedicine update · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

  • Retraction · 2023-05-29Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions · Compromised Peer Review · Rogue Editor · Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions ·
5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Chao WuDepartment of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Mohammad KhisheCorresponding Author, Imam Khomeini Marine Science University, Nowshahr, Iran.ORCID 0000-0002-1024-8822
Mokhtar MohammadiDepartment of Information Technology, Lebanese French University, Erbil, KRG Iraq.
Sarkhel H Taher KarimComputer Science Department, College of Science, University of Halabja, Halabja, Iraq.
Tarik A RashidComputer Science and Engineering Department, School of Science and Engineering, University of Kurdistan Hewler, Erbil, KRG Iraq.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The COVID19 pandemic globally and significantly has affected the life and health of many communities. The early detection of infected patients is effective in fighting COVID19. Using radiology (X-Ray) images is, perhaps, the fastest way to diagnose the patients. Thereby, deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) can be considered as applicable tools to diagnose COVID19 positive cases. Due to the complicated architecture of a deep CNN, its real-time training and testing become a challenging problem. This paper proposes using the Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) instead of the last fully connected layer to address this deficiency. However, the parameters' stochastic tuning of ELM's supervised section causes the final model unreliability. Therefore, to cope with this problem and maintain network reliability, the sine-cosine algorithm was utilized to tune the ELM's parameters. The designed network is then benchmarked on the COVID-Xray-5k dataset, and the results are verified by a comparative study with canonical deep CNN, ELM optimized by cuckoo search, ELM optimized by genetic algorithm, and ELM optimized by whale optimization algorithm. The proposed approach outperforms comparative benchmarks with a final accuracy of 98.83% on the COVID-Xray-5k dataset, leading to a relative error reduction of 2.33% compared to a canonical deep CNN. Even more critical, the designed network's training time is only 0.9421 ms and the overall detection test time for 3100 images is 2.721 s.

Indexed as

Chest X-ray imagesCOVID19Deep convolutional neural networksExtreme learning machineSine–cosine algorithm

Identifiers

PMID33994846
PMCPMC8107782

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.