Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33994830›Full record

ArticleSaudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society2021

Meloxicam emulgels for topical management of rheumatism: Formulation development,

Alex N Mwangi, Peter M Njogu, Shital M Maru, Nicholas M Njuguna, Paul M Njaria, Geoffrey K Kiriiri, Agnes W Mathenge

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
1.9field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Alex N MwangiDepartment of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacy Practice, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 19676-00202, Nairobi, Kenya.
Peter M NjoguDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 19676-00202, Nairobi, Kenya.
Shital M MaruDepartment of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacy Practice, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 19676-00202, Nairobi, Kenya.
Nicholas M NjugunaNational Quality Control Laboratory for Drugs and Medical Devices, P.O. Box 29726-00202, Nairobi, Kenya.
Paul M NjariaNational Quality Control Laboratory for Drugs and Medical Devices, P.O. Box 29726-00202, Nairobi, Kenya.
Geoffrey K KiriiriDepartment of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacy Practice, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 19676-00202, Nairobi, Kenya.
Agnes W MathengeDepartment of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacy Practice, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 19676-00202, Nairobi, Kenya.
University of Nairobi · KE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThe study designed, formulated and evaluated meloxicam emulgels as a potential alternative topical treatment option for rheumatism.

methodsA 3

resultsAll formulations were homogenous with no observable grittiness or phase separation. The optimized Formulations F10 and F11 had pH 6.5 and 6.4, viscosity of 23656 and 24524 mPa.s, spreadability of 9.9 and 9.5 cm, and drug content of 90.4% and 92.9%, respectively, all within optimal values. The cumulative percentage of drug released was 21.0% and 22.9% after one hour and 50.1% and 55.8% after eight hours for Formulations F10 and F11, respectively. Drug release kinetics exhibited Fickian diffusion best described by Korsmeyer-Peppas model. Paw volume inhibition by Formulation F11 at two and three hours after carrageenan injection was statistically significant (

conclusionThe optimized meloxicam emulgels had high pharmaceutical quality and were pharmacologically active. Further optimization could potentially provide a safe and efficacious alternative treatment option for rheumatism.

Indexed as

Capsaicin fixed-dose combinationFormulation designIn vivo anti-inflammatoryMeloxicam emulgelsProduct optimization

Identifiers

PMID33994830
PMCPMC8093581
OpenAlexW3138718915

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.