Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33994406›Full record

Trial reportJournal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis2022

Small Dense Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol is a Potential Marker for Predicting Laser Treatment for Retinopathy in Diabetic Patients.

Atsuko Nakayama, Hiroyuki Morita, Tatsuyuki Sato, Takuya Kawahara, Norifumi Takeda, Satoshi Kato, Hiroshi Itoh, Issei Komuro

Open access · diamondAbstract readRandomized Controlled TrialEquivalence Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
0.7field-weighted citation impact, top 35% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Serum Lipidomic Analysis of T2DM Patients: A Potential Biomarker Study.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Atsuko NakayamaDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo.
Hiroyuki MoritaDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo.
Tatsuyuki SatoDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo.
Takuya KawaharaClinical Research Promotion Center, The University of Tokyo.
Norifumi TakedaDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo.
Satoshi KatoDepartment of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo.
Hiroshi ItohDepartment of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Keio University School of Medicine.
Issei KomuroDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo.
The University of Tokyo · JPKeio University · JP

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimWe explored the superiority of small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL-C) as a marker for predicting not only the occurrence of cardiovascular (CV) events but also the need for laser treatment in patients with hypercholesterolemia and diabetic retinopathy.

methodsWe performed a sub-analysis of the intEnsive statin therapy for hyper-cholesteroleMic Patients with diAbetic retinopaTHY (EMPATHY) study (n=5042), in which patients were assigned randomly to intensive or standard statin therapy targeting low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ＜70 mg/dl or 100-120 mg/dl. Using the survival analysis, the risks for CV events and the need for laser treatment were evaluated according to the lipids one year after registration.

resultsThe patients were 63±11 years old. LDL-C and sdLDL-C levels were 98±25 and 32±14 mg/dl, respectively, one year after registration. The sdLDL-C level had a strong positive correlation with apolipoprotein B level (r=0.83 at registration). SdLDL-C was a sensitive marker for predicting CV events when comparing among the quartiles according to sdLDL-C levels (hazard ratios: HR for quartiles 1-4 were 1.0, 1.4, 1.6, and 2.5, respectively; p for trend ＜0.01). Also, sdLDL-C was a sensitive marker for predicting the need for laser treatment among lipids (log rank, p=0.009), especially in patients with elderly (≧65 yrs) and obesity (BMI ≧25 kg/m

conclusionsSdLDL-C is a sensitive target marker to predict cardiovascular events as well as the need for laser treatment in patients with hypercholesterolemia and diabetic retinopathy.

Indexed as

Diabetes MellitusDiabetic RetinopathyHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsHypercholesterolemiaAgedBiomarkersCholesterol, LDLHumansLasersMiddle AgedBiomarkersCholesterol, LDLHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsDiabetic retinopathySmall dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterolStatin

Identifiers

PMID33994406
PMCPMC9135669
OpenAlexW3163648370

What OpenQuestion holds

Texttitle and abstract
LicenceCC BY-NC-SA
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.