Observational studyJournal of human lactation : official journal of International Lactation Consultant Association2021
Advertising of Human Milk Substitutes in United Kingdom Healthcare Professional Publications: An Observational Study.
Observational study in Journal of human lactation : official journal of International Lactation Consultant Association, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Outcomes of implementing the International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes as national laws: a systematic review.International breastfeeding journal · 2024Pooled it
- Mothers' experiences of breast milk expression during separation from their hospitalized infants: a systematic review of qualitative evidence.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2024Pooled it
- Breast-milk substitute marketing practices in four countries: an analysis using a community-based approach.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2025Article
- The urgent need to end sponsorship of healthcare professional associations by the commercial milk formula industry.Future healthcare journal · 2025Article
- Formula Labelling in the United Kingdom: Manufacturers' Compliance With the Code, UK Law and Guidance Notes.Maternal & child nutrition · 2025Article
- Women's exposure to commercial milk formula marketing: a WHO multi-country market research study.Globalization and health · 2024Article
- The characteristics of formula milk marketing on health system: a qualitative study from Beijing and Jinan in China.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Research on commercial milk formulas for young children: A scoping review.Maternal & child nutrition · 2024Article
- Toddler milk: a scoping review of research on consumption, perceptions, and marketing practices.Nutrition reviews · 2024Article
- Interactions Between Nutrition Professionals and Industry: A Scoping Review.International journal of health policy and management · 2023Article
- Breastfeeding-oriented education for parturients separated from their hospitalized infants: a qualitative study of nurses' perspectives in Shanghai, China.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2022Article
- Healthcare professionals' perspectives on infant feeding support in paediatric inpatients: single-centre qualitative study.BMJ paediatrics open · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundInappropriate marketing of human milk substitutes negatively influences efforts to protect breastfeeding. Although healthcare professionals can positively influence infant feeding decisions, government regulations permit manufacturers to communicate messages to them through advertising. RESEARCH
aims(1) To identify the extent of human milk substitute advertising in publications aimed at United Kingdom healthcare professionals and (2) to describe compliance with the International Code of Marketing of Breast-Milk Substitutes and United Kingdom Formula and Follow-on Formula Regulations.
methodsThis was a cross-sectional observational study. We reviewed publications targeting healthcare professionals working with families in the United Kingdom (
resultsHuman milk substitute advertising was found in nine (47%) of the 19 publications (four affiliated with professional associations), making up 10.3% (
conclusionsMany healthcare professionals' publications had non-compliant human milk substitute advertisements. There is an urgent need to ensure full compliance with international and local regulation in future advertisements and to consider whether advertisements are justified at all.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.