ArticleMolecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy2021
Lipid-nanoparticle-encapsulated mRNA vaccines induce protective memory CD8 T cells against a lethal viral infection.
Article in Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Human Papillomavirus Across the Reproductive Lifespan: An Integrative Review of Fertility, Pregnancy Outcomes, and Fertility-Sparing Management.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Pooled it
- Safety and Efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine through 6 Months.The New England journal of medicine · 2021Trial
- Advancements of mRNA-lipid nanoparticle links to gene editing and immune responses.Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology · 2026Review
- Beyond the blood: Tissue-resident immunity shapes SARS-CoV-2 vaccine antibody responses.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- An mRNA Vaccine with Tandem Mutated HA-NA Confers Protection Against Multiple Strains of H1N1 Influenza.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Article
- Multigenic single-chain mRNA vaccine provides full protection againstMolecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2026Article
- RNA Modifications in T cell Immunity: Mechanisms, Disease Relevance, and Therapeutic Potential.Theranostics · 2026Review
- RNA-based cancer vaccines: mechanisms, clinical progress, and translational challenges.Immunologic research · 2025Review
- Immunomodulation of behavior impairment via spleen-specific targeting lipid nanoparticles in a MeCP2 transgenic mouse model.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- IL-12 mRNA-LNP promotes dermal resident memory CD4NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- AnScience immunology · 2025Article
- A highly stable lyophilized mRNA vaccine for Herpes Zoster provides potent cellular and humoral responses.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- A long-term stable cold-chain-friendly HIV mRNA vaccine encoding multi-epitope viral protease cleavage site immunogens inducing immunogen-specific protective T cell immunity.Emerging microbes & infections · 2024Article
- Lipid nanoparticle-mediated RNA delivery for immune cell modulation.European journal of immunology · 2024Review
- Improved influenza vaccine responses after expression of multiple viral glycoproteins from a single mRNA.Nature communications · 2024Article
- The roles of CD4Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2024Article
- mRNA-LNP vaccine-induced CD8Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2024Article
- Pseudouridine andRSC chemical biology · 2024Review
- Carrier-free mRNA vaccine induces robust immunity against SARS-CoV-2 in mice and non-human primates without systemic reactogenicity.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
It is well established that memory CD8 T cells protect susceptible strains of mice from mousepox, a lethal viral disease caused by ectromelia virus (ECTV), the murine counterpart to human variola virus. While mRNA vaccines induce protective antibody (Ab) responses, it is unknown whether they also induce protective memory CD8 T cells. We now show that immunization with different doses of unmodified or N(1)-methylpseudouridine-modified mRNA (modified mRNA) in lipid nanoparticles (LNP) encoding the ECTV gene EVM158 induced similarly strong CD8 T cell responses to the epitope TSYKFESV, albeit unmodified mRNA-LNP had adverse effects at the inoculation site. A single immunization with 10 μg modified mRNA-LNP protected most susceptible mice from mousepox, and booster vaccination increased the memory CD8 T cell pool, providing full protection. Moreover, modified mRNA-LNP encoding TSYKFESV appended to green fluorescent protein (GFP) protected against wild-type ECTV infection while lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus glycoprotein (GP) modified mRNA-LNP protected against ECTV expressing GP epitopes. Thus, modified mRNA-LNP can be used to create protective CD8 T cell-based vaccines against viral infections.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.