ArticleQuality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation2021
The impact of lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic on mental and social health of children and adolescents.
Article in Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 108 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
108 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A narrative systematic review of changes in mental health symptoms from before to during the COVID-19 pandemic.Psychological medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Annual Research Review: The impact of Covid-19 on psychopathology in children and young people worldwide: systematic review of studies with pre- and within-pandemic data.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2023Pooled it
- Prevalence of mental health symptoms in children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic: A meta-analysis.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Prevalence and clinical presentation of long COVID in children: a systematic review.European journal of pediatrics · 2022Pooled it
- Mental Health Consequences of COVID-19 Pandemic Period in the European Population: An Institutional Challenge.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Non-disease specific patient-reported outcome measures of health-related quality of life in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a systematic review of current research and practice.Rheumatology international · 2022Pooled it
- Impact of COVID-19 pandemic lockdown on movement behaviours of children and adolescents: a systematic review.BMJ global health · 2022Pooled it
- The pandemic generation: Investigating the long-term impact of a large-scale stressor on the anxiety of children.JCPP advances · 2026Article
- Child health-related behaviors, social connectedness, and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children born preterm in the ECHO Cohort.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- The Number of Newly Dispensed Hypnotic Drugs During the First COVID-19 Lockdown Period in The Netherlands.Journal of sleep research · 2026Article
- The impact of learning modalities and sleep quality on adolescent mental health: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Longitudinal Changes in the Adjusted Body Mass Index (BMI) Percentile Among Children in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, During and After the COVID-19 Lockdown.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Reducing patient burden of PROMs in healthcare through advanced computerized adaptive testing stopping rules.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2025Article
- Threat of coronavirus and depressive symptoms in adolescents: do 24-hour movement behaviors mediate this relationship?BMC public health · 2025Article
- Quality of life and mental health in children with long COVID.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Incidence and severity of paediatric sledding injuries during the COVID-19 pandemic.Paediatrics & child health · 2025Article
- Peroral Endoscopic myotomy (POEM) in pediatric achalasia: a retrospective cohort on institutional experience and quality of life.Orphanet journal of rare diseases · 2025Article
- Psychological Associations of Multiple Disasters: A Longitudinal Study of Adolescents in Puerto Rico.Disaster medicine and public health preparedness · 2025Article
- Multidimensional 1-Year Outcomes After Intensive Care Admission for Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children.Critical care explorations · 2025Article
- The unequal impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on young adults' mental health. Predictors of vulnerability and resilience using longitudinal birth cohort data in the UK.Journal of adolescence · 2025Article
48 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeDuring the COVID-19 pandemic in the Netherlands, governmental regulations resulted in a lockdown for adults as well as children/adolescents. Schools were closed and contact with other people was limited. In this cross-sectional, population-based study, we aimed to investigate the mental/social health of children/adolescents during COVID-19 lockdown.
methodsTwo representative samples of Dutch children/adolescents (8-18 years) before COVID-19 (2018, N = 2401) and during lockdown (April 2020, N = 844) were compared on the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) domains: global health, peer relationships, anxiety, depressive symptoms, anger, sleep-related impairment by linear mixed models and calculating relative risks (RR (95% CI)) for the proportion of severe scores. Variables associated with worse mental/social health during COVID-19 were explored through multivariable regression models. The impact of COVID-19 regulations on the daily life of children was qualitatively analyzed.
resultsParticipants reported worse PROMIS T-scores on all domains during COVID-19 lockdown compared to before (absolute mean difference range 2.1-7.1 (95% CI 1.3-7.9). During lockdown, more children reported severe Anxiety (RR = 1.95 (1.55-2.46) and Sleep-Related Impairment (RR = 1.89 (1.29-2.78) and fewer children reported poor Global Health (RR = 0.36 (0.20-0.65)). Associated factors with worse mental/social health were single-parent family, ≥ three children in the family, negative change in work situation of parents due to COVID-19 regulations, and a relative/friend infected with COVID-19. A large majority (> 90%) reported a negative impact of the COVID-19 regulations on daily life.
conclusionThis study showed that governmental regulations regarding lockdown pose a serious mental/social health threat on children/adolescents that should be brought to the forefront of political decision-making and mental healthcare policy, intervention, and prevention.
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